Codes for all html colors. Color in styles can be specified in different ways: by hexadecimal value, by name, in RGB, RGBA, HSL, HSLA format
This page contains a table with keywords that can be used to denote colors in such Web developer languages as: HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Flash, etc.
In the old specifications for the WC3 concern, only 16 keywords were specified, with the help of which colors were set in HTML and CSS. In further, more modern specifications, another 130 keywords were added to indicate color names. The following table contains the color names and the hex and RGB codes they correspond to.
According to CSS rules, color names are not case sensitive. The color entries IndianRed and indianred are equivalent.
It is also worth noting that of the 146 keywords in the table, there are actually fewer colors in it. This is because some keywords refer to the same color. Thus, the names Gray and Gray represent the 50% gray color code #808080, and the word Magenta is a synonym for the HTML color Fuchsia, corresponding to the hexadecimal code #FF00FF. Also synonymous are the words Aqua and Cyan, they correspond to the code #00FFFF.
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HTML colors
HTML colors and ways to specify them
In HTML, there are two ways to specify a color:
1. Using the color name,
2. Using the RGB system, where colors are specified in hexadecimal format.
Color name
Name colors in HTML indicated by English words, such as red or green. The color name acts as the value of the HTML tag attribute. There are a lot of flower names, in this article we will consider only the main ones.
Typically, two attributes are used in HTML to set a color:
1. Attribute color="color_name" - text color,
2. Attribute bgcolor="color_name" - background color.
Examples of using color attributes:
color="red" - assign a red color to the text,
bgcolor="green" - assign a green color to the background.
Table of basic HTML color names:
| Color name | His appearance | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| white | White | |
| ivory | Ivory | |
| silver | Silver | |
| gray | Grey | |
| black | Black | |
| maroon | Maroon | |
| red | Red | |
| orange | Orange | |
| gold | Gold | |
| yellow | Yellow | |
| olive | Olive | |
| lime | Lime | |
| green | Green | |
| aqua | sea wave | |
| blue | Blue | |
| navy | Navi | |
| teal | Turquoise | |
| fuchsia | Magenta | |
| purple | Purple |
Hexadecimal number system
In everyday life, we use the decimal number system from 0 to 9. Programmers and designers often use the hexadecimal number system from 0 to 15, where:
10 = A
11 = B
12 = C
13 = D
14 = E
15 = F
Almost every color and shade visible to our vision can be written in the hexadecimal system, for example, the red color red in the hexadecimal system will be equal to ff0000
color="red" - red color, by name,
color="#ff0000" — red color, in hexadecimal number system.
In HTML, a hexadecimal number is preceded by a hash sign # in the attribute value.
RGB
Before you start specifying colors in HTML using the hexadecimal number system, you first need to learn about such a thing as R G B
RGB is an abbreviation for the words R ed G reen B lue (Red Green Blue).
A color in HTML, written in hexadecimal, consists of three blocks of numbers 00 00 00, where each block is responsible for one of the RGB colors, the first block for red, the second for green, and the third for blue. Numbers can range from 00 to ff.
Where, ff is 255 in decimal notation.
RGB scheme:
Red - from 00 to ff
Green - from 00 to ff
Blue - from 00 to ff
As a result, we get a six-digit number 000000, where the first two numbers are responsible for the red color, the second two numbers are responsible for the green color, and the third two numbers are responsible for the blue color.
If we want to get a red color, then we write ff0000, green color 00ff00, blue color 0000ff. For example, if we want to get a dark red color, then we need to reduce the first block of numbers and instead of ff (which is equal to 255 in decimal number system), write for example 96 (which is equal to 150 in decimal notation).
For clarity, we give examples of colors and their hexadecimal code:
Mixing colors in HTML
If you didn’t miss drawing classes at school, you probably remember that by evenly mixing red and green, you can get yellow,
when you add a little green to red you can get orange, etc.
Hexadecimal and RGB colors can also be mixed:
By experimenting with the hexadecimal number system and RGB, you will eventually get the hang of it and be able to choose the color you want.
Hexadecimal numbers are used to specify colors. The hexadecimal system, unlike the decimal system, is based, as its name suggests, on the number 16. The numbers will be as follows: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C , D, E, F. Numbers from 10 to 15 are replaced by Latin letters. Numbers greater than 15 in the hexadecimal system are formed by combining two numbers into one. For example, the number 255 in decimal corresponds to the number FF in hexadecimal. To avoid confusion in determining the number system, a hash symbol # is placed before the hexadecimal number, for example #666999. Each of the three colors - red, green and blue - can take values from 00 to FF. Thus, the color symbol is divided into three components #rrggbb, where the first two symbols indicate the red component of the color, the middle two - green, and the last two - blue. It is allowed to use the abbreviated form #rgb, where each character should be doubled. Thus, the entry #fe0 should be regarded as #ffee00.
By name
| Internet Explorer | Chrome | Opera | Safari | Firefox | Android | iOS |
| 4.0+ | 1.0+ | 3.5+ | 1.3+ | 1.0+ | 1.0+ | 1.0+ |
Browsers support some colors by their name. In table 1 shows the names, hexadecimal code, RGB, HSL values and description.
| Name | Color | Code | RGB | HSL | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| white | #ffffff or #fff | rgb(255,255,255) | hsl(0.0%,100%) | White | |
| silver | #c0c0c0 | rgb(192,192,192) | hsl(0.0%,75%) | Grey | |
| gray | #808080 | rgb(128,128,128) | hsl(0.0%,50%) | Dark gray | |
| black | #000000 or #000 | rgb(0,0,0) | hsl(0.0%,0%) | Black | |
| maroon | #800000 | rgb(128,0,0) | hsl(0.100%,25%) | Dark red | |
| red | #ff0000 or #f00 | rgb(255,0,0) | hsl(0,100%,50%) | Red | |
| orange | #ffa500 | rgb(255,165,0) | hsl(38.8,100%,50%) | Orange | |
| yellow | #ffff00 or #ff0 | rgb(255,255,0) | hsl(60,100%,50%) | Yellow | |
| olive | #808000 | rgb(128,128,0) | hsl(60,100%,25%) | Olive | |
| lime | #00ff00 or #0f0 | rgb(0,255,0) | hsl(120,100%,50%) | Light green | |
| green | #008000 | rgb(0,128,0) | hsl(120,100%,25%) | Green | |
| aqua | #00ffff or #0ff | rgb(0,255,255) | hsl(180,100%,50%) | Blue | |
| blue | #0000ff or #00f | rgb(0,0,255) | hsl(240,100%,50%) | Blue | |
| navy | #000080 | rgb(0,0,128) | hsl(240,100%,25%) | Dark blue | |
| teal | #008080 | rgb(0,128,128) | hsl(180,100%,25%) | Blue-green | |
| fuchsia | #ff00ff or #f0f | rgb(255,0,255) | hsl(300,100%,50%) | Pink | |
| purple | #800080 | rgb(128,0,128) | hsl(300,100%,25%) | Violet |
Using RGB
| Internet Explorer | Chrome | Opera | Safari | Firefox | Android | iOS |
| 5.0+ | 1.0+ | 3.5+ | 1.3+ | 1.0+ | 1.0+ | 1.0+ |
You can define color using the red, green, and blue values in decimal terms. Each of the three color components takes a value from 0 to 255. It is also permissible to specify the color as a percentage, with 100% corresponding to the number 255. First, specify the rgb keyword, and then specify the color components in parentheses, separated by commas, for example rgb(255 , 128, 128) or rgb(100%, 50%, 50%).
RGBA
| Internet Explorer | Chrome | Opera | Safari | Firefox | Android | iOS |
| 9.0+ | 1.0+ | 10.0+ | 3.1+ | 3.0+ | 2.1+ | 2.0+ |
The RGBA format is similar in syntax to RGB, but includes an alpha channel that specifies the element's transparency. A value of 0 is fully transparent, 1 is opaque, and an intermediate value like 0.5 is semi-transparent.
RGBA was added to CSS3, so CSS code must be validated against this version. It should be noted that the CSS3 standard is still under development and some features may change. For example, a color in RGB format added to the background-color property is validated, but one added to the background property is no longer valid. At the same time, browsers quite correctly understand the color for both properties.
HSL
| Internet Explorer | Chrome | Opera | Safari | Firefox | Android | iOS |
| 9.0+ | 1.0+ | 9.6+ | 3.1+ | 3.0+ | 2.1+ | 2.0+ |
The name of the HSL format is derived from the combination of the first letters Hue (hue), Saturate (saturation) and Lightness (lightness). Hue is the color value on the color wheel (Fig. 1) and is given in degrees. 0° corresponds to red, 120° to green, and 240° to blue. The hue value can vary from 0 to 359.
Rice. 1. Color wheel
Saturation is the intensity of a color and is measured as a percentage from 0% to 100%. A value of 0% indicates no color and a shade of gray, 100% is the maximum value for saturation.
Lightness specifies how bright the color is and is specified as a percentage from 0% to 100%. Low values make the color darker, and high values make the color lighter; extreme values of 0% and 100% correspond to black and white.
HSLA
| Internet Explorer | Chrome | Opera | Safari | Firefox | Android | iOS |
| 9.0+ | 1.0+ | 10.0+ | 3.1+ | 3.0+ | 2.1+ | 2.0+ |
The HSLA format is similar in syntax to HSL, but includes an alpha channel to specify the element's transparency. A value of 0 is fully transparent, 1 is opaque, and an intermediate value like 0.5 is semi-transparent.
RGBA, HSL, and HSLA color values have been added to CSS3, so please check your code for version validity when using these formats.
HTML5 CSS2.1 CSS3 IE Cr Op Sa Fx
Warning
All lion catching methods listed on the site are theoretical and based on computational methods. The authors do not guarantee your safety when using them and disclaim any responsibility for the results. Remember, a lion is a predator and a dangerous animal!
The result of this example is shown in Fig. 2.
Rice. 2. Colors on the web page
Vlad Merzhevich
In HTML, color is specified in one of two ways: using hexadecimal code and by the name of certain colors. The method based on the hexadecimal number system is predominantly used, as it is the most universal.
Hexadecimal colors
HTML uses hexadecimal numbers to specify colors. The hexadecimal system, unlike the decimal system, is based, as its name suggests, on the number 16. The numbers will be as follows: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C , D, E, F. Numbers from 10 to 15 are replaced by Latin letters. In table 6.1 shows the correspondence between decimal and hexadecimal numbers.
Numbers greater than 15 in the hexadecimal system are formed by combining two numbers into one (Table 6.2). For example, the number 255 in decimal corresponds to the number FF in hexadecimal.
To avoid confusion in defining the number system, a hexadecimal number is preceded by a hash symbol #, for example #aa69cc. In this case, the case does not matter, so it is permissible to write #F0F0F0 or #f0f0f0.
A typical color used in HTML looks like this.
Here the background color of the web page is set to #FA8E47. The hash symbol # in front of a number means it is hexadecimal. The first two digits (FA) define the red component of the color, the third through fourth digits (8E) define the green component, and the last two digits (47) define the blue component. The end result will be this color.
| F.A. | + | 8E | + | 47 | = | FA8E47 |
Each of the three colors - red, green and blue - can take values from 00 to FF, resulting in a total of 256 shades. Thus, the total number of colors can be 256x256x256 = 16,777,216 combinations. A color model based on red, green and blue components is called RGB (red, green, blue). This model is additive (from add - add), in which the addition of all three components forms the color white.
To make it easier to navigate hexadecimal colors, take into account some rules.
- If the values of the color components are the same (for example: #D6D6D6), then the result will be a gray tint. The higher the number, the lighter the color, with values ranging from #000000 (black) to #FFFFFF (white).
- A bright red color is formed if the red component is made maximum (FF) and the remaining components are set to zero. A color with a value of #FF0000 is the reddest possible red shade. The same is true for green (#00FF00) and blue (#0000FF).
- Yellow (#FFFF00) is made by mixing red and green. This is clearly visible on the color wheel (Fig. 6.1), which presents the primary colors (red, green, blue) and complementary or additional ones. These include yellow, cyan and violet (also called magenta). In general, any color can be obtained by mixing colors close to it. Thus, cyan (#00FFFF) is obtained by combining blue and green.
Rice. 6.1. Color wheel
Colors based on hexadecimal values do not have to be empirically selected. For this purpose, a graphic editor that can work with different color models, for example, Adobe Photoshop, is suitable. In Fig. Figure 6.2 shows the window for selecting a color in this program; the resulting hexadecimal value of the current color is outlined with a line. You can copy and paste it into your code.
Rice. 6.2. Window for choosing colors in Photoshop
Web colors
If you set the monitor's color rendering quality to 8-bit (256 colors), then the same color can be displayed differently in different browsers. This is due to the way graphics are displayed, when the browser works with its own palette and cannot show a color that is not in its palette. In this case, the color is replaced by a combination of pixels of other, close to it, colors that imitate the given one. To ensure that the color remains the same across different browsers, a palette of so-called web colors was introduced. Web colors are those colors for which each component - red, green and blue - is set to one of six values - 0 (00), 51 (33), 102 (66), 153 (99), 204 (CC), 255 (FF). The hexadecimal value of this component is indicated in brackets. The total number of colors from all possible combinations gives 6x6x6 - 216 colors. An example web color is #33FF66.
The main feature of web color is that it appears the same in all browsers. At the moment, the relevance of web colors is very small due to the improvement in the quality of monitors and the expansion of their capabilities.
Colors by name
To avoid having to remember a set of numbers, you can use the names of commonly used colors instead. In table 6.3 shows the names of popular color names.
| Color name | Color | Description | Hexadecimal value |
|---|---|---|---|
| black | Black | #000000 | |
| blue | Blue | #0000FF | |
| fuchsia | Light purple | #FF00FF | |
| gray | Dark gray | #808080 | |
| green | Green | #008000 | |
| lime | Light green | #00FF00 | |
| maroon | Dark red | #800000 | |
| navy | Dark blue | #000080 | |
| olive | Olive | #808000 | |
| purple | Dark purple | #800080 | |
| red | Red | #FF0000 | |
| silver | Light gray | #C0C0C0 | |
| teal | Blue-green | #008080 | |
| white | White | #FFFFFF | |
| yellow | Yellow | #FFFF00 |
It doesn't matter whether you specify a color by its name or by using hexadecimal numbers. These methods are equal in their effect. Example 6.1 shows how to set the background and text colors of a web page.
Example 6.1. Background and text color
Example text
In this example, the background color is set using the bgcolor attribute of the tag
, and the text color through the text attribute. For variety, the text attribute is set to a hexadecimal number, and the bgcolor attribute is set to the reserved keyword teal .Color codes in CSS are used to specify colors. Typically, color codes or color values are used to set the color for either the foreground color of an element (e.g. text color, link color) or the background color of an element (background color, block color). They can also be used to change the color of a button, border, marker, hover, and other decorative effects.
You can specify your color values in various formats. The following table lists all possible formats:
The listed formats are described in more detail below.
CSS Colors - Hex Codes
Hexadecimal color code is a six-digit representation of color. The first two digits (RR) represent the red value, the next two represent the green value (GG), and the last two represent the blue value (BB).
CSS Colors - Short Hex Codes
Short hex color code is a shorter form of six-character notation. In this format, each digit is repeated to produce an equivalent six-digit color value. For example: #0F0 becomes #00FF00.
The hexadecimal value can be taken from any graphics software such as Adobe Photoshop, Core Draw, etc.
Each hexadecimal color code in CSS will be preceded by a hash sign "#". Below are examples of using hexadecimal notations.
CSS Colors - RGB Values
RGB value is a color code that is set using the rgb() property. This property takes three values: one each for red, green, and blue. The value can be an integer, from 0 to 255, or a percentage.
Note: Not all browsers support the rgb() color property, so it is not recommended to use it.
Below is an example showing multiple colors using RGB values.
Color code generator
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Browser Safe Colors
Below is a table of 216 colors that are the safest and most computer-independent. These colors in CSS range from 000000 to FFFFFF hexadecimal code. They are safe to use because they ensure that all computers display color correctly when working with the 256 color palette.
| Table of "safe" colors in CSS | |||||
| #000000 | #000033 | #000066 | #000099 | #0000CC | #0000FF |
| #003300 | #003333 | #003366 | #003399 | #0033CC | #0033FF |
| #006600 | #006633 | #006666 | #006699 | #0066CC | #0066FF |
| #009900 | #009933 | #009966 | #009999 | #0099CC | #0099FF |
| #00CC00 | #00CC33 | #00CC66 | #00CC99 | #00CCCC | #00CCFF |
| #00FF00 | #00FF33 | #00FF66 | #00FF99 | #00FFCC | #00FFFF |
| #330000 | #330033 | #330066 | #330099 | #3300CC | #3300FF |
| #333300 | #333333 | #333366 | #333399 | #3333CC | #3333FF |
| #336600 | #336633 | #336666 | #336699 | #3366CC | #3366FF |
| #339900 | #339933 | #339966 | #339999 | #3399CC | #3399FF |
| #33CC00 | #33CC33 | #33CC66 | #33CC99 | #33CCCC | #33CCFF |
| #33FF00 | #33FF33 | #33FF66 | #33FF99 | #33FFCC | #33FFFF |
| #660000 | #660033 | #660066 | #660099 | #6600CC | #6600FF |
| #663300 | #663333 | #663366 | #663399 | #6633CC | #6633FF |
| #666600 | #666633 | #666666 | #666699 | #6666CC | #6666FF |
| #669900 | #669933 | #669966 | #669999 | #6699CC | #6699FF |
| #66CC00 | #66CC33 | #66CC66 | #66CC99 | #66CCCC | #66CCFF |
| #66FF00 | #66FF33 | #66FF66 | #66FF99 | #66FFCC | #66FFFF |
| #990000 | #990033 | #990066 | #990099 | #9900CC | #9900FF |
| #993300 | #993333 | #993366 | #993399 | #9933CC | #9933FF |
| #996600 | #996633 | #996666 | #996699 | #9966CC | #9966FF |
| #999900 | #999933 | #999966 | #999999 | #9999CC | #9999FF |
| #99CC00 | #99CC33 | #99CC66 | #99CC99 | #99CCCC | #99CCFF |
| #99FF00 | #99FF33 | #99FF66 | #99FF99 | #99FFCC | #99FFFF |
| #CC0000 | #CC0033 | #CC0066 | #CC0099 | #CC00CC | #CC00FF |
| #CC3300 | #CC3333 | #CC3366 | #CC3399 | #CC33CC | #CC33FF |
| #CC6600 | #CC6633 | #CC6666 | #CC6699 | #CC66CC | #CC66FF |
| #CC9900 | #CC9933 | #CC9966 | #CC9999 | #CC99CC | #CC99FF |
| #CCCC00 | #CCCC33 | #CCCC66 | #CCCC99 | #CCCCCC | #CCCCFF |
| #CCFF00 | #CCFF33 | #CCFF66 | #CCFF99 | #CCFFCC | #CCFFFF |
| #FF0000 | #FF0033 | #FF0066 | #FF0099 | #FF00CC | #FF00FF |
| #FF3300 | #FF3333 | #FF3366 | #FF3399 | #FF33CC | #FF33FF |
| #FF6600 | #FF6633 | #FF6666 | #FF6699 | #FF66CC | #FF66FF |
| #FF9900 | #FF9933 | #FF9966 | #FF9999 | #FF99CC | #FF99FF |
| #FFCC00 | #FFCC33 | #FFCC66 | #FFCC99 | #FFCCCC | #FFCCFF |
| #FFFF00 | #FFFF33 | #FFFF66 | #FFFF99 | #FFFFCC | #FFFFFF |