The popularity of each product depends on two factors. This is the quality of the product and its price. TN matrices, which dominated the market for many years, were attractive due to their low cost. However, with the development of IPS technology and its subsequent reduction in cost, the choice of buyers was predetermined. The laurels of the “people's favorite” went to the new contender.

But it's not that simple. The development of IPS has given rise to many variations of this matrix. The most famous of them is PLS. Which of the two options is better?? What are the differences between other types of IPS? The answers to these questions will guide the buyer to the right choice.

IPS technology

By 1996, the hegemony of TN matrices came to an end. Hitachi and NFC have successfully completed the joint development of innovative technology. IPS matrices were released and presented to the masses.

The main purpose for which this product was created was to replace the outdated TN predecessor. Such ailments as common at that time, such as poor color reproduction, low contrast and small viewing angles, are a thing of the past. New monitors naturally became market leaders.

"In-Plane Switching" literally translates as " intra-site switching". The high image quality of this matrix is ​​achieved due to a fundamentally different arrangement of liquid crystals. If in TN they were arranged in a spiral, then in IPS they were parallel to each other.

Perfect picture

Offers a new solution immediately several advantages, taking this into account, their predecessors simply cannot stand up to the competition:

High-quality color rendition	Full RGB color depth produces the most realistic images without any deviation or distortion. Over one billion colors and their shades. Photographers and designers will appreciate this.
High brightness and contrast	Improved brightness and contrast significantly improve picture quality. TN remains the loser. The scarcity, grayness and unattractiveness of the image cannot be completely corrected even by professionally setting up the monitor.
Increased viewing angles	The viewing angles of the IPS matrix are also strikingly wider than its predecessor - up to 178°. The color of the image is not distorted even with such a large deviation of the view from the center of the monitor. On various TN matrices this parameter ranges from 90° to 150°.
Safety at work	The arrival of IPS matrices was a real gift for user eyes. Ophthalmologists claim that this option is more convenient for long-term work at the monitor than TN.

There was also a small but pleasant detail. Reaction to physical impact is excluded. If you point your finger at a TN monitor, clearly noticeable “waves” will appear at the point of contact, distorting the image. In-Plane Switching does not have this problem.

Not without flaws

However, even such an innovative technology cannot be called ideal. IPS matrices still have obvious disadvantages:

Modern matrices are also not without the above-mentioned disadvantages . However, it would be unfair to say that the technology has remained in place compared to previous variations.

Further development

With the opening in 1996, the desire for a perfect picture only gained momentum. The technology needed to be reduced in cost and improve its high response time. An equally important task was to improve its strengths.

The “inherent” disadvantages of “In-Plane Switching” have become less critical. Especially when compared with what happened in 1996.

However, the cost of this matrix and its response time are still far from ideal. This was the starting point for the development of an alternative that has gained wide popularity in the monitor market.

With the arrival of pls

At the end of 2010, Samsung presented to the world its vision of progress for modern matrices - “Plane-to-Line Switching”. PLS was positioned as a fundamentally new replacement for the imperfect IPS. Representatives of Samsung did not provide any descriptions of their own technology.

True, at one point the corporation indirectly recognized its matrix as a type of IPS. This happened during litigation with LG. The lawsuit filed by Samsung claimed that AH-IPS is a modification of their PLS technology. In fact, this was not true. On the other hand, nothing cancels a number of technical advantages of PLS ​​in comparison with its competitor:

The image quality and RGB color gamut in PLS are in no way inferior to modern IPS. However, data from various expert studies is contradictory. Some conclude that PLS is somewhat superior to its competitor in this regard. D others believe that there is no difference here and both matrices are equal.

The conclusion follows from this: if there is still a difference in image quality/color reproduction between PLS and IPS, then it is insignificant.

Connoisseurs of bright, realistic pictures and clear dynamic scenes are advised to look towards PLS. Yes, the response time of this matrix is ​​slightly higher than that of TN. However, the difference is not critical - the effect of “blurring” of objects on the display is eliminated in both options. But color rendition, brightness, contrast and viewing angles here definitely weigh in favor of PLS. A worthy option for a wide audience interested in games and cinema.

“In-Plane Switching” deserves the attention of those who care exclusively about color rendering (photographers, designers, etc.). The number of modifications of this technology is much wider than the most popular ones that were discussed earlier. However, professional work with graphics and color requires a purely individual approach. A monitor based on a PLS matrix is ​​quite suitable for various tasks. At the same time, it will cost much less than any specific type of IPS.

The average user will also appreciate modern varieties of this matrix. Under two conditions:

1. A monitor based on it has similar characteristics to an analogue based on a PLS matrix that is comparable in the price range.
2. This monitor with a matrix is ​​cheaper than the same analogue on PLS.

Do you want high-quality images with low response times? PLS matrix at your service. Do you need a monitor purely for professional graphics work? The same PLS and many varieties of IPS will satisfy your needs - the choice depends on compliance with the required technical parameters and the cost of the product. Have you found a monitor with a modern IPS matrix, whose characteristics are close to a PLS analogue of comparable price, but at the same time cheaper? A worthy option to purchase.

The types of TV matrices have significant physical differences among themselves. But they are all responsible for the most important thing in a multimedia device - image quality. When choosing television equipment for presentations or home entertainment, you should understand the types of screens in order to decide which matrix is ​​best suited for specific tasks and environments.

The types of TV matrices of the latest generations have one thing in common - they all work on liquid crystals, which were discovered at the end of the 19th century, but only recently began to be used in screens and monitors. Crystals have become widespread due to their property: while in a liquid state, they retain a crystalline structure. This phenomenon allows you to obtain interesting optical results by passing light through this substance, due to its dual state, color modeling is fast and rich.

Over time, they learned to divide a matrix cell with crystals into three segments: blue, red and green. This forms a modern pixel - a point, the combination of which with other points gives a picture. The structure of any television screens in the 21st century consists of such pixels. But the design of the pixel itself (the number of electrodes, transistors, capacitors, angles of electrodes, etc.) determines the type of matrix. There are clear characteristics that distinguish the functioning of some pixels from others.

Which type of matrix is ​​best for a TV becomes clear after studying their varieties and features.

The most common types are the following:

Thanks to certain technologies, one matrix is ​​better for a TV than another. They also differ in cost. But under other circumstances, this difference may not be felt, so it’s worth saving. So, what are their main differences, advantages and disadvantages?

TN

These types of matrices are used in most relatively inexpensive TVs. The full name, translated into Russian, means “twisted crystal.” Thanks to the use of additional coating, which allows for wider viewing angles, there are models labeled TN+Film, positioning them as a means for watching movies with the whole family.

The matrix is ​​structured and functions as follows:

1. The pixel crystals are arranged in a spiral.
2. When the transistor is turned off, no electric field is created and light penetrates through them naturally.
3. Control electrodes are installed on each side of the substrate.
4. The first filter, located before the pixel, has vertical polarization. The rear filter, located after the crystals, is built horizontally.
5. Passing light through this field produces a bright point, which takes on a certain color thanks to the filter.
6. When voltage is applied to the transistor, the crystals begin to rotate perpendicular to the plane of the screen. The degree of reversal depends on the height of the current. Thanks to this rotation, this structure allows less light to pass through, and it becomes possible to create a black dot. To do this, all cones of the crystals must “close”.

This type of matrix has occupied a budget niche in equipment for playing multimedia products. Thanks to this technology, you can get acceptable colors and enjoy watching your favorite shows and movies. The main advantage of this technology is financial accessibility. Another advantage is the speed of operation of the cells, which instantly transmits colors. Such models are also economical in terms of energy consumption.

But this type of matrix is ​​not the best for a TV due to the difficulty of coordinating the simultaneous rotation of the cones of the crystals. The difference in the time result of this process leads to the fact that some pixel segments have already rotated completely, while others continue to partially transmit light. Flow dispersion produces a different color image depending on the angle of the viewer. As a result, if you look directly, you see a black car on the screen, and if the viewer watches from the side, then the same car appears gray to him.

Another disadvantage of TN technology is the inability to display the entire color palette contained in the material. For example, a film about underwater filming of a coral reef with its inhabitants will not look as colorful as on other models. To compensate for this, developers integrate a color replacement algorithm into the screen and alternately reproduce nearby shades.

Therefore, TN is suitable for viewing by a small circle of people looking at the screen at almost right angles. This way you can see the picture with the most natural colors possible. Other technologies have been developed for more demanding viewers.

V.A.

When researching which matrix is ​​better, it is worth paying attention to VA. The abbreviation for this technology stands for “vertical alignment.” It was developed by the Japanese company Fujitsu. Here are the main features of the development:

1. The control electrodes are also located on both sides of the substrates of the block with crystals. A significant difference lies in the division of the surface into zones, which are outlined by low tubercles on the filters.
2. Another property of VA is the ability of crystals to mix with neighboring ones. This gives clear and rich image tones. The problem of small viewing angles in the previous technology was solved due to the perpendicular arrangement of the crystal cylinders relative to the rear filter when there was no current on the transistors. This gives a natural black color.
3. When the voltage is turned on, the matrix changes its location, allowing partial light to pass through. Black dots gradually become gray in color. But due to the brightly burning white and colored dots nearby, the image remains contrasty. This way, color saturation is maintained at different viewing angles.
4. Another achievement in improving image quality is the cellular structure of the inner surface of the filters. Small tubercles dividing the internal space into zones ensure that the crystals are built at an angle relative to the surface of the monitor. Regardless of the perpendicular or parallel location of the molecular series, the entire chain has a deviation to the side. As a result, even if the viewer moves significantly to the right or left, the formation of the crystals will be directed directly at the view.

The response of liquid crystals to the passage of voltage is slightly slower than that of TN, but they are trying to compensate for this by introducing a dynamic current increase system that affects selective areas of the surface that need a faster response.

This technology makes TVs with VA type matrices more convenient for viewing materials in the following conditions:

• large living rooms for relaxing with the whole family;
• conference rooms;
• presentations in the office;
• watching sporting events in bars.

IPS

The most expensive technology is IPS, whose abbreviation stands for “flat shutdown” in Russian. It was developed at the Hitachi plant, but later began to be used by LG and Philips.

The essence of the process occurring in the matrix is ​​as follows:

1. The control electrodes are located on one side only (hence the name).
2. The crystals are aligned parallel to the plane. Their position is the same for everyone.
3. In the absence of current, the cell maintains a rich and pure black color. This is achieved by preventing the polarization of light that is absorbed by the rear filter. There is no persistence of luminescence observed in
4. When voltage is applied to the transistor, the crystals rotate 90 degrees.
5. The light begins to pass through the second filter, and various shades are formed.

This makes it possible to view images at angles of 178 degrees.

The technical parameters of the matrix include 24 bits of color and 8 bits per channel. TV models are also produced with 6 bits per channel.

Another advantage of the technology is the darkening of dead pixels, which occurs when there is a malfunction between the electrode and the crystals. In other developments, such a place begins to glow with a white or colored dot. And here it will be gray, which smoothes out the visual sensations from the resulting micro-defect.

The advantages of IPS are rich colors and good viewing angles. The response problem was solved gradually, and now the response time is 25 ms, and for some TV models up to 16 ms.

The disadvantages of this type of matrices include:

• more pronounced grid between pixels;
• possible decrease in contrast due to the blocking of part of the light by electrodes, which are all on one side;
• high price of goods.

Therefore, such screens are more suitable for displaying graphic works and photographs. This will accurately convey the image, which will be visible to everyone present. It is advisable to install such TVs in office presentations and photo studios.

When deciding which matrix - VA or IPS for a TV will be better, you should take into account the nature of the materials you are viewing. For movies and recreation, it is better to use the first option, and to show the nuances of graphics - the second. TN or IPS are usually not compared to each other due to the difference in price category. For a family of three people, the first type of matrix is ​​quite enough for a holiday. After all, looking at the screen at a right angle, colors, including black, will be reproduced believably.

Over the years of television development, many changes have occurred in technologies for displaying images on the screen. Image quality improves every year, making newly released brands obsolete. But at the same time, all types of screens, be it televisions, smartphone displays or computer monitors, are built on the basis of matrices. The heroes of this article will be the VA and IPS matrices.

Most of the display characteristics, such as color and resolution, depend on the matrix. Therefore, when choosing your new device, it is better not to rely at random, but to choose after carefully analyzing all possible options.

This matrix appeared in 1996, presented by the Japanese company Fujitsu. Its name stands for Vertical Alignment, which literally translates as vertical alignment. Since its appearance on the market, it has gained high popularity and its range of applications includes modern LCD TVs.

Its peculiarity is that its liquid crystals, in the absence of power to them, are located perpendicular to the screen. This provides it with its main advantage among its peers - a very rich black color. The viewing angle when using this technology is also quite high. As for the disadvantages of such a matrix, first of all it is a long response time. This prevents the use of such matrices in monitors designed for frequent image changes, for example, for computer games.

Also adding some inconvenience are the so-called "Floating Halftones" expressed in the fact that when shifted from the center of the display, part of the color palette begins to be distorted. But in most cases it is practically unnoticeable. Regarding IPS technology, it is intermediate between the previous TN and S-IPS. They are easier to produce, making them cheaper, and their characteristics are similar to IPS matrices. During its creation, several modifications were created; its improvements include:

1. MVA, the pixel is built from two parts, which adds sharpness to the image.
2. P-MVA features increased contrast and color rendition.
3. AMVA– It fixed the main drawback of VA - response.

Main characteristics of IPS

It appeared on the market in 1996, immediately becoming a competitor to VA. Since two manufacturers took part in the creation, it received a double name. In Plane Switching from Hitachi and Super Fine TFT from NES. The priority in creation was to create a display without the typical disadvantages of TN. Among its competitors, the factors that make IPS stand out are its wide viewing angle, good contrast characteristics and high color rendering ability.

Monitors with IPS are thicker than those built on the basis of other matrices. This design feature appeared due to the need to use lamps with higher power. A model with a backlit matrix with increased light transmittance is often used on tablets and smartphones.

The main application of such devices is found in professional photo processing and rendering of three-dimensional models. They are also often used when editing books and collections before publication. They have found their place due to the high characteristics of color transmission, contrast and the ability to very accurately display all possible shades. Since its release it has been modified many times. The most significant modifications were:

• The first modification of the classic scheme was the S-IPS matrix. Created in 1998, contrast and response have been improved.
• The next step was the 2002 matrix - Advanced Super IPS(AS-IPS). The main improvements were improved image brightness and contrast.
• In 2007, the H-IPS matrix appeared especially for photographers and designers, in which the shades of white were comprehensively redesigned.
• In 2010 it was developed Professional-IPS, it now supports color space up to 102 bits. The number of colors displayed has exceeded 1 billion. The mode has been optimized Truecolor. It was a deeply modified H-IPS matrix.
• In 2009, they released a version that was cheaper compared to other matrices, called Enhanced-IPS. It uses lower quality hardware to reduce production costs. At the same time, response time has improved significantly. Some pixels were trimmed, degrading the quality of halftones and the number of colors.
• Also in 2011, the Korean manufacturer Samsung introduced a new type, which received the technical designation Plane-to-Line Switching. The pixel density in PLS matrices is higher than that of analogues, due to which the brightness increases. Also, when using such a scheme, energy consumption improves. But at the same time, the contrast and color gamut are much lower than those of analogues. PLS is used in tablets and smartphones of this company.

Similarity

Apart from the function and year of production, these matrices are not similar in any way.

Difference between IPS and VA technologies

The placement of liquid crystals in an IPS matrix is ​​horizontal by default, while in VA it is vertical, based on this, only horizontal movement of crystals is possible in VA matrices, while vertical movement in IPS matrices is possible. In the absence of power supply to the crystals, vertically arranged crystals are located more closely together, which provides VA technology with better light blocking. This provides rich black tones.

In another technology, the crystals allow much more light to pass through when closed. However, this also distorts the image on TVs with VA technology when deviating from right angles. Conversely, on TVs with IPS matrices the image will not float even at very large angles. So the main advantages of VA are contrast and deep blacks, while IPS takes its toll in viewing angles.

The black level in the VA matrix reaches 0.015 nits, but when using IPS it is several times higher. Therefore, the image obtained on the VA matrix in darker rooms will be of higher quality. As for color rendering levels, the characteristics of both matrices are approximately equal. However, due to the same black levels and contrast, most viewers find that VA produces brighter colors.

What to give preference

If your house is large and you plan to often watch TV in a large group, then the advantage of IPS technology will be obvious to you. Viewing angles, without loss of quality, are approximately twice as high as those of a competing matrix. This will give you the opportunity to watch your favorite shows from anywhere in the room. In addition, screens with this technology consume much less electricity.

The VA matrix is ​​suitable for watching movies in the evening, after work, in excellent quality. It will always have bright colors and shades. In addition, such matrices will be cheaper to produce than IPS, which will allow you to save a little. However, at the moment, both of these technologies have comparable characteristics and therefore it is up to you to decide which advantages of which matrix are closer to you.

Currently, for the production of consumer monitors, the two most basic, so to speak, root, matrix manufacturing technologies are used - LCD and LED.

• LCD is an abbreviation for the phrase “Liquid Crystal Display”, which translated into understandable Russian means liquid crystal display, or LCD.
• LED stands for “Light Emitting Diode”, which in our language is read as a light-emitting diode, or simply an LED.

All other types are derived from these two pillars of display construction and are modified, modernized and improved versions of their predecessors.

Well, let’s now consider the evolutionary process that displays went through when they came to serve humanity.

Types of monitor matrices, their characteristics, similarities and differences

Let's start with the LCD screen that is most familiar to us. It includes:

• The matrix, which at first was a sandwich of glass plates interspersed with a film of liquid crystals. Later, with the development of technology, thin sheets of plastic began to be used instead of glass.
• Light source.
• Connecting wires.
• Case with metal frame, which gives rigidity to the product

The point on the screen responsible for forming the image is called pixel, and consists of:

• Transparent electrodes in the amount of two pieces.
• Layers of molecules of the active substance between the electrodes (this is the LC).
• Polarizers whose optical axes are perpendicular to each other (depending on the design).

If there were no LC between the filters, then the light from the source passing through the first filter and being polarized in one direction would be completely delayed by the second, due to the fact that its optical axis is perpendicular to the axis of the first filter. Therefore, no matter how much we shine on one side of the matrix, on the other side it remains black.

The surface of the electrodes touching the LC is processed in such a way as to create a certain order of molecules in space. In other words, their orientation, which tends to change depending on the magnitude of the voltage of the electric current applied to the electrodes. Next, technological differences begin depending on the type of matrix.

Tn matrix stands for “Twisted Nematic”, which means “Twisting thread-like”. The initial arrangement of the molecule is in the form of a quarter-reverse helix. That is, light from the first filter is refracted so that, passing along the crystal, it hits the second filter in accordance with its optical axis. Consequently, in a quiet state such a cell is always transparent.

By applying voltage to the electrodes, you can change the angle of rotation of the crystal until it is completely straightened, at which light passes through the crystal without refraction. And since it was already polarized by the first filter, the second one will completely delay it, and the cell will be black. Changing the voltage changes the angle of rotation and, accordingly, the degree of transparency.

Advantages

Flaws– small viewing angles, low contrast, poor color rendering, inertia, power consumption

TN+Film matrix

It differs from simple TN by the presence of a special layer designed to increase the viewing angle in degrees. In practice, a value of 150 degrees horizontally is achieved for the best models. Used in the vast majority of budget-level TVs and monitors.

Advantages– low response time, low cost.

Flaws– viewing angles are very small, low contrast, poor color rendering, inertia.

TFT matrix

Abbreviation for “Think Film Transistor” and translates as “thin film transistor”. The name TN-TFT would be more correct, since it is not a type of matrix, but a manufacturing technology and the difference from pure TN is only in the method of controlling pixels. Here it is implemented using microscopic field-effect transistors, and therefore such screens belong to the class of active LCDs. That is, it is not a type of matrix, but a way of managing it.

IPS or SFT matrix

Yes, and this is also a descendant of that very ancient LCD plate. In essence, it is a more developed and modernized TFT, as it is called Super Fine TFT (very good TFT). The viewing angle is increased for the best products, reaching 178 degrees, and the color gamut is almost identical to natural

.

Advantages– viewing angles, color rendition.

Flaws– the price is too high compared to TN, the response time is rarely below 16 ms.

Types of IPS matrix:

• H-IPS – increases image contrast and reduces response time.
• AS-IPS - the main quality is to increase contrast.
• H-IPS A-TW - H-IPS with “True White” technology, which improves white color and its shades.
• AFFS - increasing the electric field strength for large viewing angles and brightness.

PLS matrix

Modified, in order to reduce costs and optimize response time (up to 5 milliseconds), the IPS version. Developed by the Samsung concern and is an analogue of H-IPS, AN-IPS, which are patented by other electronics developers.

More information about the PLS matrix can be found in our article:

VA, MVA and PVA matrices

This is also a manufacturing technology, and not a separate type of screen.

• – abbreviation for “Vertical Alignment”, translated as vertical alignment. Unlike TN matrices, VA does not transmit light when turned off.
• MVA matrix. Modified VA. The goal of the optimization was to increase viewing angles. The response time was reduced thanks to the use of OverDrive technology.
• PVA matrix. Not a separate species. It is an MVA patented by Samsung under its own name.

There is also an even greater number of various improvements and improvements that the average user is unlikely to encounter in practice - the maximum that the manufacturer will indicate on the box is the main type of screen and that’s all.

In parallel with LCD, LED technology developed. Full-fledged, pure LED screens are made from discrete LEDs either in a matrix or cluster manner and are not found in household appliance stores.

The reason for the lack of full-weight LEDs on sale lies in their large dimensions, low resolution, and coarse grain. The scope of such devices is banners, street TV, media facades, and ticker tape devices.

Attention! Don't confuse a marketing name like "LED monitor" with a real LED display. Most often, this name will hide a regular LCD of the TN+Film type, but the backlight will be made using an LED lamp, not a fluorescent one. That’s all that such a monitor will have from LED technology – only the backlight.

OLED displays

OLED displays are a separate segment, representing one of the most promising areas:

Advantages

1. low weight and overall dimensions;
2. low appetite for electricity;
3. unlimited geometric shapes;
4. no need for illumination with a special lamp;
5. viewing angles up to 180 degrees;
6. instant matrix response;
7. contrast exceeds all known alternative technologies;
8. the ability to create flexible screens;
9. temperature range is wider than other screens.

Flaws

• short service life of diodes of a certain color;
• the impossibility of creating durable full-color displays;
• very high price, even compared to IPS.

For reference. Perhaps we are also read by lovers of mobile devices, so we will also touch on the portable technology sector:

AMOLED (Active Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Diode) – combination of LED and TFT

Super AMOLED – Well, here, we think everything is clear!

Based on the data provided, it follows that there are two types of monitor matrices - liquid crystal and LED. Their combinations and variations are also possible.

You should know that the matrices are divided by ISO 13406-2 and GOST R 52324-2005 into four classes, about which we will only say that the first class provides for the complete absence of dead pixels, and the fourth class allows up to 262 defects per million pixels.

How to find out what matrix is ​​in the monitor?

There are 3 ways to verify the matrix type of your screen:

a) If the packaging box and technical documentation have been preserved, then you can probably see a table there with the characteristics of the device, among which the information of interest will be indicated.

b) Knowing the model and name, you can use the services of the manufacturer’s online resource.

• If you look at the color picture of a TN monitor from different angles from the side, top, bottom, you will see color distortions (up to inversion), fading, and yellowness of the white background. It is impossible to achieve a completely black color - it will be deep gray, but not black.
• IPS can be easily identified by a black picture, which acquires a purple tint when the gaze deviates from the perpendicular axis.
• If the listed manifestations are absent, then this is either a more modern version of IPS or OLED.
• OLED is distinguished from all others by the absence of a backlight, so the black color on such a matrix represents a completely de-energized pixel. And even the best IPS black color glows in the dark due to BackLight.

Let's find out what it is - the best matrix for a monitor.

Which matrix is ​​better, how do they affect vision?

So, the choice in stores is limited to three technologies: TN, IPS, OLED.

It has low cost, has acceptable time delays and constantly improves image quality. But due to the low quality of the final image, it can only be recommended for home use - sometimes to watch a movie, sometimes to play with a toy and from time to time to work with texts. As you remember, the response time of the best models reaches 4 ms. Disadvantages such as poor contrast and unnatural colors cause increased eye fatigue.

IPS This, of course, is a completely different matter! Bright, rich and natural colors of the transmitted image will provide excellent working comfort. Recommended for printing work, designers or those who are willing to pay a tidy sum for convenience. Well, playing will not be very convenient due to the high response - not all copies can boast even 16 ms. Accordingly – calm, thoughtful work – YES. It's cool to watch a movie - YES! Dynamic shooters - NO! But the eyes don’t get tired.

OLED. Oh, a dream! Such a monitor can be afforded either by fairly wealthy people or by those who care about the condition of their vision. If it were not for the price, we could recommend it to everyone - the characteristics of these displays have the advantages of all other technological solutions. In our opinion, there are no disadvantages here, except for the cost. But there is hope - the technology is improving and, accordingly, becoming cheaper so that a natural reduction in production costs is expected, which will make them more accessible.

conclusions

Today, the best matrix for a monitor is, of course, Ips/Oled, made on the principle of organic light-emitting diodes, and they are quite actively used in the field of portable technology - mobile phones, tablets and others.

But, if there are no excess financial resources, then you should opt for simpler models, but without fail with LED backlight lamps. The LED lamp has a longer lifespan, stable luminous flux, a wide range of backlight control and is very economical in terms of energy consumption.

The search module is not installed.

Liquid crystal displays (IPS, MVA, PVA technologies)

Sergey Yaroshenko

When creating LCD displays, three main technologies are used: TN + film, IPS and MVA. Since TN + film technology was discussed in detail in the previous article, we will focus on its technological competitors.

TN + film technology

Twisted Nematic + film (TN + film). The “film” part in the technology name means an additional layer used to increase the viewing angle (approximately up to 160°). This is the simplest and cheapest technology. It has been around for a long time and is used in most monitors sold in the last few years.

Advantages of TN + film technology:
- low cost;
- minimum pixel response time to control action.

Disadvantages of TN + film technology:
- average contrast;
- problems with accurate color rendering;
- relatively small viewing angles.

IPS technology

In 1995, Hitachi developed In-Plane Switching (IPS) technology to overcome the disadvantages inherent in panels made using TN + film technology. Small viewing angles, very specific colors and unacceptable (at that time) response time pushed Hitachi to develop new IPS technology, which gave good results: decent viewing angles and good color rendition.

In IPS matrices, the crystals do not form a spiral, but rotate together when an electric field is applied. Changing the orientation of the crystals helped achieve one of the main advantages of IPS matrices - viewing angles were increased to 170° horizontally and vertically. If no voltage is applied to the IPS matrix, the liquid crystal molecules do not rotate. The second polarizing filter is always turned perpendicular to the first, and no light passes through it. The black color display is perfect. If the transistor fails, the “broken” pixel for an IPS panel will not be white, as for a TN matrix, but black. When a voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules rotate perpendicular to their initial position, parallel to the base, and transmit light.