Beautiful psd templates. Begge – modern fashion store PSD template

What does the abbreviation PSD mean? Its decoding is difficult to understand for people far from construction. In our article we will talk about design and estimate documentation, we will analyze the meaning of this concept and the composition of the documents included there. This topic will be of interest to those who are planning to build individual housing or are simply interested in construction topics.

What is PSD. Decoding

Any construction requires a lot of papers for production and technical purposes. By (this is the decoding of the design and estimate documentation) is meant a list of those documents that are established in the regulatory order to ensure the implementation of the project and reveal its essence.

It all consists of materials that are in text form or exist in the form of diagrams (drawings). Its task is to determine all types of solutions - architectural, functional-technological, constructive, engineering-technical - in order to ensure the process of construction (reconstruction) of objects or their parts, as well as for the purpose of carrying out major repairs.

This definition is contained in the provisions of the Town Planning Code (CC) of the Russian Federation. Throughout the entire life cycle of an object under construction or repair, design documentation is the most important point that a construction organization deals with. The beginning of any construction, reconstruction or repair process is the development, approval and examination of design documentation.

When is it required and when is it not?

Its presence is absolutely necessary in case of construction, reconstruction or repair. The exception includes individual housing construction objects (detached residential buildings with no more than three floors, the purpose of which is to accommodate one family). In this case, drawing up a design and estimate documentation is not required by law, but it can be prepared at the initiative of the developer.

For reference: according to the definition of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, capital construction objects are buildings (structures), as well as structures at the stage of construction in progress, excluding temporary buildings, kiosks, sheds, etc.

What is included in these concepts

Buildings include building systems that have a volume, consisting of an above-ground and (or) underground part, which includes premises, utility networks and systems. Their purpose is the residence and activity of people, the location of production, the storage of products or the keeping of animals.

A structure is a system of volumetric, planar or linear type. It can also consist of above-ground, above-ground, and underground parts. It consists of load-bearing and enclosing building structures designed to carry out various types of production processes, store goods or products, and temporarily stay.

As a general concept for buildings and structures, the term structure is used. Sometimes it has a secondary meaning. This refers to outbuildings located mainly on summer cottages or intended for keeping domestic animals or for auxiliary purposes.

Design and estimate documentation for construction: legislative framework

A contract (in other words, a construction agreement) is an important document that regulates the relationship between the customer and the contractor (construction organization). It determines the required scope of work and the conditions for their production, including the cost of design and estimate documentation. The contract (its annexes) usually contains a link to the list of design documentation available for this facility. It also defines liability for failure to comply with conditions.

Even in the absence of such references, the contractor must be clear that he is legally required to comply with any design decisions during construction. Article 743 of the Civil Code clearly instructs him to strictly adhere to the technical documentation defining the content and scope of work, as well as other requirements, including estimates for repairs or construction.

If there are no other instructions in the contract, it is assumed that absolutely all the work specified in the estimate will be completed. According to the law, the contractor is responsible for any deviations he makes from the requirements stipulated in the design and estimate documentation. If during construction additional unaccounted for work is discovered, the need to carry it out is discussed separately with the preparation of appropriate estimate documentation.

Deviation from the parameters of the construction or repair project specified in the design documentation is allowed only on the basis of a newly approved version with changes made in the proper manner (Article 52 of the Town Planning Code).

Composition of design documentation - decoding of the mandatory list

Requirements for what should be contained in each section of the design documentation are determined at the legislative level. This is also regulated by the Town Planning Code. All major types of activities (construction, reconstruction, repair work) must be accompanied by a strictly standardized type and number of technical documents, the list of which is determined by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 87, adopted in February 2008.

This information also contains. The mentioned Regulation applies to objects of both industrial and non-production purposes, and also applies to linear objects (pipelines, railways and roads, power lines, etc.)

The above-mentioned provision divides all design and estimate documentation into design and working. This does not mean individual design stages, but different types of technical documents. According to accepted standards, design is carried out in one or two stages. The point of the second option is to stage-by-stage compile the documents necessary for construction.

What are these stages?

The first stage consists of choosing the type of object, working out its main solutions, both architectural and planning, and constructive. Also, a construction method and schematic diagrams of all main technological processes are selected, decisions regarding engineering equipment are worked out, a summary estimate is carried out, and basic issues regarding the organization of construction production are resolved.

After development, the documentation is sent for state examination and receives a general assessment and necessary comments. Then the designer eliminates the identified deficiencies and submits the project for review or approval to the customer (investor).

The second stage of design consists of the development of working documentation (DD). It is here that decisions made in advance are clarified and detailed. All necessary working drawings, local estimates and other documents necessary for direct production are drawn up.

Which method is better

Detailed documentation (DD) includes the drawings themselves, as well as textual material, the use of which is envisaged in the conditions of the construction site. As a rule, the documentation developed at the first stage is not transferred to the direct contractor.

The advantage of two-stage design is the minimum cost if it is necessary to rework the design documentation (if the general solution turned out to be unsuccessful). Currently, this design method serves as the main one.

In contrast, in the case of one-stage design, the entire volume of design documentation is usually prepared immediately. It contains all questions, both general and specific. This option is convenient in the case of a small volume of design work, for simple objects, or as a standard project for mass and repeated use.

The role of working documentation

The task of the working documentation as part of the design and estimate documentation is to provide developed technical, architectural and technological solutions in the construction process. The development sequence is not strictly regulated by the Regulations. That is, it is possible to perform it either simultaneously with the preparation of the entire design documentation, or after that.

The composition, volume and content are determined by the customer (developer) depending on what level of detail he requires. A complete set of design documentation for major repairs or construction consists of design and working documentation, complementing one another. Let's look at what is included in each of them.

Main sections of project documentation

It consists of an explanatory note, a construction organization project, fire safety measures, an estimate for repairs or construction and other main sections of the organization of the construction process. The RD contains the necessary drawings with documents and specifications for the work. Based on it, the adopted design decisions are implemented.

The above-mentioned Regulations established the mandatory composition of the design and estimate documentation in the form of 12 sections - an explanatory note, a land plot layout diagram, architectural solutions, as well as structural and space-planning, information about engineering equipment and utility networks with a list of relevant measures and necessary solutions for power supply systems, water supply and water disposal, heating networks, heating, ventilation with air conditioning, as well as communication networks, gas supply systems and a subsection concerning technological solutions.

The remaining sections of the project documentation concern the content of the construction organization project (demolition, dismantling), the list of measures to preserve the environment and fire safety measures. Below we provide a sample design and estimate documentation - an agreement for the development of documentation (1 sheet).

Minor sections

Additional sections provide for measures to ensure access for people with disabilities and compliance with the necessary requirements for equipping constructed facilities with devices for recording the consumption of energy resources.

One of the most important sections (number 11) is the estimate documentation for the facility under construction. The final section includes everything else that is not included in the main list and provided for by law.

If we are talking about construction, then in the design documentation you can find 10 similar sections. Their content ranges from the right-of-way design, technological and design solutions for the linear facility along with the buildings and structures included in its infrastructure, to the design for organizing construction work with the need for demolition (dismantling) of existing structures.

Similarly, measures related to environmental protection and fire safety are provided. Of course, among the final and most important sections there is an estimate for construction work.

About the cost of design and estimate documentation

The cost of construction and installation work is influenced by a huge number of various factors - from the region of construction, the size of the object being built to the specific prices of the contractor. Before drawing up an estimate, a list of works is determined and the required volumes are calculated. To do this, it is desirable to have the most calculated specification, which is not always completed in full and on time.

Having such a document, the specialist will draw up an estimate without much difficulty. In the most general case (for any expected volume), the cost of work for calculating design estimates in price terms will be 10% of the total cost of all work. At the same time, the minimum amount that it will cost to develop any document starts from 3,000 rubles.

The cost estimate can be drawn up according to the items listed in the specification or based on a certain volume of construction. In the latter case, the approximate cost of design and estimate documentation can be presented in the form of the table below.

This option is also possible: the necessary design solutions are available, but there is no certainty regarding the number of proposed positions. In this case, costing services may be specified according to the following form:

If construction is carried out in stages

If necessary, at the customer’s initiative, design documentation can be developed for each of the individual stages of the construction or reconstruction process (Article 48 of the Town Planning Code). This must be specified in the design brief.

The scope of design documentation for each stage of construction is developed taking into account the need for its implementation. The entire composition and content of its sections must meet the requirements established by the main Regulations.

What are psd templates? This is an increasingly popular raster format in which certain images are saved, purposefully created together with the Adobe Photoshop software package. One of the main advantages of the format is lossless compression.

Well, and as a result, these templates are the most practical in the design and web graphics environment. The popularity is due to the growing demand for graphics packages from Adobe, and, as a result, there is an increase in the popularity of this format. At the moment, you can download psd templates virtually anywhere. Fortunately, portals with designer features are a dime a dozen. It is also worth mentioning psd sources, which are also becoming more and more popular. If we consider the disadvantages of the format, then we can only highlight the rather considerable amount of disk space that files of this format occupy. Well, incompatibility with software not related to Adobe packages. But still, PSD templates occupy their own specific niche and absolutely do not lose popularity. You can also find free PSD templates, fortunately there are plenty of them. The Internet is practically flooded with these templates. Although the quality does not always correspond to what is desired.

Thus, PSD templates are one of the first popular phenomena beyond multi-compatibility with a variety of software. Oddly enough, the format has become popular. At the moment, the ability to download psd templates is widespread. It's no secret that at the moment more and more shareware units of certain products are appearing on the Internet. It is difficult to correctly interpret this situation; on the one hand, this is a violation of copyright, but on the other, if absolutely everything were paid, it would infringe on consumer rights. For example, there are both paid and free psd sources, and it is not at all necessary to purchase them every time. In fact, PSD templates, for example, are something that anyone can make on their own. Another aspect is the quality of such a homemade product. After all, in order to get high-quality things, you need to get better at it and gain some experience. But this is not happening as quickly as we would like. On the other hand, you can always find and download free psd templates. This action will greatly facilitate the process of creating this or that composition, namely in terms of saving time.

In general, you should not overestimate PSD templates - in addition to the advantages discussed earlier, there are also disadvantages. Although we also discussed the disadvantages earlier. In general, summing up the appropriate assessment of the format, I would like to note a fairly average level in all respects - from practicality to ease of use. Moreover, psd templates can be downloaded almost anywhere. It is also worth noting the psd sources. A very similar element, and there is nothing easier than finding something you need from it on the Internet. It is also worth considering the fact that any of the elements described above is often precisely the product or consequence of the work of a graphics package of one or another sample from Adobe Corporation. Accordingly, the same copyrights apply to files and formats. PSD templates also apply here. Here are a number of features. Although the undeniable advantage is the presence of shareware products. So, for example, you can find free psd templates by simply visiting one or another design site. By the way, we present to your attention our website, where you will most likely still be able to find exactly what interests you.

From the author: Today is a great day to quickly change your website! Ready to build your business online? Do you want to create a new website with the latest design, pixel by pixel? Or do you want to redesign an old website to suit new trends? To do this, you need to be a truly creative person and know how to work with Photoshop in order to create websites of the highest class. Even if you're a professional web designer with the right skills, it still takes time to tweak every pixel, create all the pages for a client's site, and give every UI element, area, and tiny detail some attention. All this takes time.

It’s much faster to take a high-quality PSD website template that has already been laid out with care for every pixel. We have a huge selection of different Photoshop files. They can be used one-time or as a monthly subscription.

Best PSD Website Templates on Envato Elements (No Usage Limits)

In 2016, the Envato Elements website was launched and immediately began to gain wild popularity. There is only one offer on the site (all inclusive):

Sign up for Envato Elements and you can download unlimited PSD website templates, themes, fonts, graphics sets, and more. All for one monthly fee. Everything is correct! Download professional templates and graphics as much as you like, customize it all to suit your project.

Below is the most popular template on Envato Elements - Elementy Multipurpose PSD. The set includes 19 PSD files, store layouts, blog designs, portfolio pages, etc.

If you sign up for Envato Elements, you can download unlimited files with unlimited reuse for just $29 per month. Regular price per month is $49, now is the time to grab this big discount.

If your needs are limited, or you prefer to buy graphics and web materials separately, we have thousands of ready-made templates on ThemeForest.

PSD website templates on ThemeForest

Below is the TOP PSD website templates for 2016, which you can buy or download. This is just a drop in the ocean of the volume that professional web designers upload to ThemeForest every week. Take a look at the best Photoshop website templates of 2016:

The right design can turn a mediocre website into a work of art:

Sales on your site can skyrocket, and you can leave a lasting impression on potential buyers by raising your minimum price.

You can rebuild your identity - turn a mediocre brand into candy.

Your business (or your customers) can realize its plans and its potential online!

TOP 10 PSD website templates (from ThemeForest website for 2016)

Below are the TOP 10 PSD website templates on ThemeForest. All templates are created by talented web designers who put time and care into every detail of these PSD files.

1. Cesis – a comprehensive, multi-purpose PSD website template

The best set of PSD templates of 2016 with a large selection of features. A selection of over 100 designs in Photoshop, the layouts are clean and very flexible. Stunning templates, every pixel adjusted, based on a 1170px grid system. Use the layouts to create a website for any type of company, from fashion blogs to art portfolios to creative businesses.

2. OnePro – creative PSD website template

One pro is a clean SPD website template with a popular design. The template uses a good grid system, which can be used to create many different sites with personal pages, stores or corporate blogs. This template has a minimum of 55 logically arranged PSD files. Use this theme to quickly create beautiful websites.

3. Electro - PSD template for an online electronics store

Electro is a highly functional set of 36 PSD templates. The template has a clean, light design, completely ready to create a wonderful online electronics store. The template files are professionally organized and layered into groups for easy operation. It also comes with three unique home pages and 5 headers that can be stacked together.

Modern trends and approaches in web development

Learn the algorithm for rapid growth from scratch in website building

4. Circle – a unique PSD website template

Circle is a PSD website template that comes with wonderful designs. You will receive 173 layered PSD files, as well as a variety of designs. It is a modern, clean and professional set of web pages that can be customized to suit different companies. The designs are based on a grid system, which makes it easy to convert Photoshop files to any CMS.

5. Agora – Amazing PSD eCommerce Template

Agora is a modern, bright and creative eCommerce template. If you choose this set of designs, users will love your website. The site will give users a beautiful and unique experience. PSD templates are made in a sports style, but they can be adapted to sell anything. Includes 14 killer designs and 6 graphic sliders!

6. The Specter – website template for agencies

Specter is a modern, flat template for agencies. The design is clean with 12 responsive pages and theme blocks that can be mixed however you like. Lots of design features, stylish lowercase icons, vector shapes, attractive UI elements: profiles, catchy quotes and showcase images. The template is designed for Bootstrap with 12 columns and a width of 1170px. This is a well-designed, attractive set of PSD files, completely ready to use in your next design.

7. Experts – PSD template for business and finance

If you're looking for one of the best templates for your new finance website, Experts is a great choice. The set includes 55 PSD files, many home page designs, as well as unique pages where you can place prices, reviews, your services, etc.

This template is a suit and tie for your business. The template is designed for law, financial companies, investment firms, accountants and any other type of professional activity. There are 21 headers to choose from, a variety of footers and perfectly tailored components, as well as customizable sections.

8. Begge – modern fashion store PSD template

If this year you have set yourself the goal of launching an online store specifically in the field of fashionable clothing, this template is made especially for you. An optimal design that showcases your products and images first.

Clean layout with very clear construction. The design is compelling and organized with inserts of overlapping blocks to attract the attention of visitors. PSD files are organized and can be quickly customized to fit your website!

9. Digital Agency – SEO/Marketing Template

Digital Agency – PSD website template for SEO and various agencies. It is based on material design, mixing clean UI elements with bright colors. It's just waiting for you to add your photos and graphics before transferring it to the site. You can choose to either buy a PSD file, or purchase a WordPress version with code, built-in Bootstrap 3 and many features.

10. Volter – Creative website template (PSD)

Creative PSD website template with an unusual design style. Volter is designed to showcase your portfolio, showcase your beautiful images, and attract new visitors with its quirky font. This is where you can show off your work, describe your services, and tell new clients why they should hire you.

The PSD file is high resolution and based on the 1170px Bootstrap grid, making it very easy to work with. The best template is completely ready for use, take it and design unique websites!

Get new website templates (PSD)!

Discover hundreds of professional PSD templates created by talented web designers on ThemeForest. Or if you want to download tons of Photoshop templates, themes, and graphics sets on a more regular basis, check out Envato Elements, where you can download and use tons of quality files without limits for a one-time monthly fee.