Css right align div. Alignment with line-height property
When you type text in a program Microsoft Word, it is printed left-aligned. But quite often it is necessary to shift it to the other side.
For example, it is customary to move the heading to the center of the page, but to print the header of a document, you often need to move the text to the right. This procedure is called leveling.
is the way text is laid out on the page. It can be located in the center, along the left and right edges, along the width. For this purpose in Word program There are special buttons at the top: 
We'll talk about them a little later. In the meantime, a few words about how not to align text.
Incorrect text alignment
Many people unknowingly align text incorrectly - using the space bar on the keyboard or the Tab button.
Such a shift is considered an error, since the distance from the left margin is made by eye. Because of this, it is often more than necessary. And if you align the text to the right in this way, then a lot of problems will arise when editing it. And the method itself is very inconvenient - you have to press the space bar or Tab button on the keyboard many times.
What does this mean? For example, lose your business reputation. After all, you can very quickly check the design of the text. To do this, just click on this button at the top Microsoft programs Word:
Dots and strange icons will appear in the text. Here the dots show spaces. And if you align the text incorrectly, with such a check it will immediately be visible by the many dots in front of it.
To return everything back - remove the dots and strange icons - press the button again
By the way, a document with incorrect alignment may not be accepted in some organizations.
How to align text
Now let's learn how to properly align text. By the way, this can be done after the text has been printed. I recommend doing just that - it’s both easier and faster.
Word has four buttons for moving text. They are located at the top.
- this button aligns the text to the left
- this one aligns to the center
- on the right edge
— in width (makes the text even on both sides)
Now let's try to move the text correctly. To get started, type a few words in Word. Then select them. To do this, move the cursor (arrow or stick) to the very beginning or the very end of the text. Then click left button mouse and, without releasing it, pull it to the other end. When the text turns a different color (usually black or blue), it means it is highlighted.
After selection, click on the button that aligns the text to the center. The words you type should move to the middle of the page.
It may seem to you that this is the wrong center. In fact, everything is correct. After all, the margin (indent) on the left side is larger than on the right.
In the same way, try aligning the text to the right.
As for the “Fit to Width” button. If you have little text (a couple of words), then you will not see any differences from the “Align to the left” button - the words will also shift to the left. But if you have several paragraphs, then the text will be aligned on both sides of the sheet - both the left and the right. That is, it will be even on both sides.
Example of left aligned text:
The same text, just justified:
By the way, according to the rules of document design, the main text must be aligned exactly in width.
Most of us have had a clear idea of a perfectly designed page since school. An even scattering of letters, slender lines of words, a strict rectangle of text framed by even margins - this is exactly the picture we see when leafing through any printed publication. There is a great temptation to depict something similar on a web page, especially since a well-known means is proposed for this - text alignment. However, what is good for a typographer is a mortal sin for a web designer. And all because, when applied to site markup, this function becomes overgrown with so many shortcomings that its only advantage in the form of a smooth right edge simply fades before our eyes. Here are just a few reasons why you should ditch justification in favor of left alignment.
Visible clutter inside a text block
Yes, yes, the smoother the edges of the text block, the more obvious the mess inside it. In typography, a whole arsenal of tools allows you to achieve consistency in text: hyphenation, adjusting the spacing between words and the distances between letters, and even slightly wider or slightly narrower font options. But the layout of an Internet page suggests, as a rule, only one way to “stretch” a line from edge to edge - an uncontrolled increase in the width of spaces. Not only does this lead to the appearance of unsightly gaps between words, but these gaps, as if by the law of meanness, often fall at approximately the same place in each line, forming so-called vertical “rivers”. All this gives the text a very untidy appearance.
Unreadability
But if aesthetics could still be sacrificed for the sake of neat edges, then there are obvious problems with visual perception text - still too high a price for them. And justified text is objectively much less readable than left-aligned text. main reason everything lies in the same increased intervals between words: the eye is constantly forced to look for the beginning of the next word, and due to the difference in spaces from line to line, it is also forced to adjust from one distance to another.
The need to work on line length, often to no avail
In fairness, it is worth noting that the identified disadvantages of justified text can be reduced by increasing the line length. However, this method will not always be effective. But it can reduce readability with a very high degree of probability: it is difficult for the eyes, having scanned one long line to the end, to accurately and quickly jump to the beginning of the next one.
Unsuitable for mobile devices
The narrower the column with text, the less it is subject to alignment. And here this format comes into direct conflict with the requirements mobile devices, for which, on the contrary, the shorter the line, the better. Agree, it’s one thing to follow a long line on a full-screen monitor with your eyes, and quite another to scroll each line back and forth over and over again. A dubious pleasure, but the right way lose your mobile audience!
It would seem that if we could add a word wrap function to the page, all these problems that arise when aligning text to the width of the page would be solved. But the catch is that HTML markup does not provide such a function. So it turns out that today there is no other way to maintain acceptable spacing between words on a web page other than aligning text to the edge.
Thus, when creating an Internet page, it is important to remember the main thing: a website is not a book, and you need to approach its design from the positions dictated by technology and the psychology of perception, and not by someone’s aesthetic views, however, very, very conditional. Believe me, if your text is neatly placed and, first of all, readable easily and with pleasure, no one will pay attention to such a trifle as uneven margins!
By the way, when you read this article, did you notice that the text is not justified?
The alignment of the text determines it appearance and the orientation of paragraph edges and can be left, right, centered, or justified. In table Figure 1 shows options for aligning a block of text.
| Left alignment | Right alignment | Center alignment | Justification |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diem nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut lacreet dolore magna aliguam erat volutpat. | Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diem nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut lacreet dolore magna aliguam erat volutpat. |
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diem nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut lacreet dolore magna aliguam erat volutpat. |
The most common option is left-aligned, where the text on the left is pushed to the edge while the text on the right remains jagged. Right and center alignment is primarily used in headings and subheadings.
Keep in mind that when using justification, large spaces may appear between words in the text, which is not very attractive.
The paragraph tag is typically used to set text alignment
| with a similar align attribute, as shown in table. 2. | Table 2. Aligning text using the align parameter |
|---|---|
| HTML Code Description text, left aligned by default. Small vertical indents are automatically added before and after paragraphs. | |
Text |
Center alignment. |
Text |
Left alignment. |
Text |
|
Text |
Width alignment. |
| Disables automatic line wrapping, even if the text is wider than the browser window. | |
| Text |
Allows the browser to break a line at the specified location, even if a tag is used |
Text
|
Center alignment. |
Text
|
Left alignment. |
Text
|
Right alignment. |
Text
|
Width alignment. |
Left alignment of elements is set by default, so there is no need to specify it again. So align="left" can be omitted.
Difference between paragraph (tag
) and tag
The align attribute is quite universal and can be applied not only to the main text, but also to headings like
.
Example 1 shows how to set the alignment in such a case.
Text alignment
How to catch a lion?
Brute force method We divide the desert into a number of elementary areas, the size of which coincides with overall dimensions lion, but at the same time smaller size
cells. Next, by simple search we determine the area in which the lion is located, which automatically leads to its capture.
Dichotomy method
We divide the desert into two halves. In one part there is a lion, in the other there is none.
We take the half in which the lion is located and divide it in half again. We repeat this until the lion is caught.
The result of the example is shown in Fig. 1. Rice. 1. Align text right and left IN
in this example The title is aligned to the center of the browser window, the highlighted paragraph is aligned to the right, and the body text is aligned to the left. Quite often, people are simply lazy or don’t have time to study the interface of the Microsoft Word program, which is why questions arise like “How to align text in Word?” - well, let's figure it out. When you type text in this program, it is automatic mode aligned to the left. Is it possible to move it to the center? Or at
right side
? Of course. Moreover, you can place a title (document header) in the center of the page, and align the text itself to the left.Learning to align text in MS Word
Incorrect text alignment in Word
Inexperienced users quite often begin to align the text the way they need, using improvised means - that is, they put extra spaces or tap on the “Tab” button. This alignment is considered erroneous, because the distance from the left border is calculated by eye, which is very inconvenient for further typing or editing text. Moreover, it is almost impossible to make the necessary indentation by eye, which is why some documents may not be accepted. In particular, this applies to diplomas - not a single teacher will accept text printed in this way - all requirements must be strictly observed, down to indentation and alignment. In addition, the method itself cannot be called convenient - you have to tap too much on the problem buttons and Tab.It's one thing if it concerns a diploma. What if this is an official document? With this approach, you can easily lose your business reputation. That is why, to align text, you should use standard MS Word tools - the buttons located in the “Home” section.
To check the correctness of the document, there is also special button By clicking on it, you will see hidden signs, which is why it is better to initially approach the issue of text design correctly.
After clicking, strange characters, many dots and arrows will appear in the text.
The dots are the spaces you put in. Arrows - clicks Tab keys, the rest is for us at this stage has no practical significance. Thus, if you put too many spaces in a row to align the text the way you need, when you click the “Show all characters” button, your mistake will immediately become noticeable - a lot of dots and arrows.
To return a document to as before You should click on the same button again.
Align text using standard Microsoft Word tools
So, let's return to the same four buttons presented earlier.As you can see, everything is extremely simple. We hasten to please you, you won’t have to re-write the text - you can align it even after it has been printed. Select the required area with the mouse and click on one of the buttons.
The text is aligned using CSS attribute text-align, which can take the following values:
- center- in the center
- justify- in width
- left- on the left edge
- right- on the right edge
Attribute text-indent sets the indentation of the “red line” - the first line of a new paragraph.
The following attributes are also used to format text:
- line-height- line height. Possible values:
- n px,pt,ex,em,in,mm,cm,pc
- n %
- margin- indent from the outer edge of the element to the inner edge of the parent element. Options are possible (margin-top; margin-left; margin-bottom; margin-right). Values:
- n px,pt,ex,em,in,mm,cm,pc
- n %
- padding- indent from the inner edge of the element to its content. Possible options (padding-top; padding-left; padding-bottom; padding-right). Values:
- n px,pt,ex,em,in,mm,cm,pc
- n %
- vertical-align - vertical alignment(relevant for tables). Values:
- top - top alignment
- middle - middle alignment
- bottom - bottom alignment
- text-top - align to the top edge of the text
- text-bottom - align to the bottom edge of the text
- white-space- a way to separate words from each other
- normal
- nowrap (line breaks are ignored)
Below are a few examples of text alignment that won't be too difficult to figure out. To better understand how text alignment attributes work, try formatting a few paragraphs yourself.
Text alignment example: Example #6
HTML code of the page:
Untitled
gold ring of Russia
“Golden Ring of Russia” (in ancient times Zalesye), a tourist route including a network of ancient Russian cities: Sergiev Posad, Pereslavl-Zalessky, Rostov the Great, Yaroslavl, Kostroma, Ples, Vladimir, Bogolyubovo, Suzdal, Yuryev-Polskoy, Uglich. The name Zalesie is primarily geographical; it meant everything that was “beyond the forest” in relation to Kievan Rus.
“Golden Ring of Russia” (in ancient times Zalesye), a tourist route including a network of ancient Russian cities: Sergiev Posad, Pereslavl-Zalessky, Rostov the Great, Yaroslavl, Kostroma, Ples, Vladimir, Bogolyubovo, Suzdal, Yuryev-Polskoy, Uglich. The name Zalesie is primarily geographical; it meant everything that was “beyond the forest” in relation to Kievan Rus.
“Golden Ring of Russia” (in ancient times Zalesye), a tourist route including a network of ancient Russian cities: Sergiev Posad, Pereslavl-Zalessky, Rostov the Great, Yaroslavl, Kostroma, Ples, Vladimir, Bogolyubovo, Suzdal, Yuryev-Polskoy, Uglich. The name Zalesie is primarily geographical; it meant everything that was “beyond the forest” in relation to Kievan Rus.
“Golden Ring of Russia” (in ancient times Zalesye), a tourist route including a network of ancient Russian cities: Sergiev Posad, Pereslavl-Zalessky, Rostov the Great, Yaroslavl, Kostroma, Ples, Vladimir, Bogolyubovo, Suzdal, Yuryev-Polskoy, Uglich. The name Zalesie is primarily geographical; it meant everything that was “beyond the forest” in relation to Kievan Rus.
“Golden Ring of Russia” (in ancient times Zalesye), a tourist route including a network of ancient Russian cities: Sergiev Posad, Pereslavl-Zalessky, Rostov the Great, Yaroslavl, Kostroma, Ples, Vladimir, Bogolyubovo, Suzdal, Yuryev-Polskoy, Uglich. The name Zalesie is primarily geographical; it meant everything that was “beyond the forest” in relation to Kievan Rus.
“Golden Ring of Russia” (in ancient times Zalesye), a tourist route including a network of ancient Russian cities: Sergiev Posad, Pereslavl-Zalessky, Rostov the Great, Yaroslavl, Kostroma, Ples, Vladimir, Bogolyubovo, Suzdal, Yuryev-Polskoy, Uglich. The name Zalesie is primarily geographical; it meant everything that was “beyond the forest” in relation to Kievan Rus.
“Golden Ring of Russia” (in ancient times Zalesye), a tourist route including a network of ancient Russian cities: Sergiev Posad, Pereslavl-Zalessky, Rostov the Great, Yaroslavl, Kostroma, Ples, Vladimir, Bogolyubovo, Suzdal, Yuryev-Polskoy, Uglich. The name Zalesie is primarily geographical; it meant everything that was “beyond the forest” in relation to Kievan Rus.
Three more powerful attributes for formatting text:
- line-height- defines line spacing. The value must be greater than the font height, otherwise the value is automatically adjusted to the text height. Values:
- n px,pt,ex,em,in,mm,cm,pc
- n %
- word-spacing- spacing between words. Values:
- n px,pt,ex,em,in,mm,cm,pc
- letter-spacing- spacing between letters. Values:
- n px,pt,ex,em,in,mm,cm,pc
Text formatting example: Example No. 7
HTML code of the page:
Untitled
gold ring of Russia
“Golden Ring of Russia” (in ancient times Zalesye), a tourist route including a network of ancient Russian cities: Sergiev Posad, Pereslavl-Zalessky, Rostov the Great, Yaroslavl, Kostroma, Ples, Vladimir, Bogolyubovo, Suzdal, Yuryev-Polskoy, Uglich. The name Zalesie is primarily geographical; it meant everything that was “beyond the forest” in relation to Kievan Rus.
“Golden Ring of Russia” (in ancient times Zalesye), a tourist route including a network of ancient Russian cities: Sergiev Posad, Pereslavl-Zalessky, Rostov the Great, Yaroslavl, Kostroma, Ples, Vladimir, Bogolyubovo, Suzdal, Yuryev-Polskoy, Uglich. The name Zalesie is primarily geographical; it meant everything that was “beyond the forest” in relation to Kievan Rus.
“Golden Ring of Russia” (in ancient times Zalesye), a tourist route including a network of ancient Russian cities: Sergiev Posad, Pereslavl-Zalessky, Rostov the Great, Yaroslavl, Kostroma, Ples, Vladimir, Bogolyubovo, Suzdal, Yuryev-Polskoy, Uglich. The name Zalesie is primarily geographical; it meant everything that was “beyond the forest” in relation to Kievan Rus.
Now we can apply this knowledge to the external style sheet by formatting the paragraph tag:
An example of text formatting using an external style sheet: Example No. 8
HTML code of the page:
Untitled
gold ring of Russia
“Golden Ring of Russia” (in ancient times Zalesye), a tourist route including a network of ancient Russian cities: Sergiev Posad, Pereslavl-Zalessky, Rostov the Great, Yaroslavl, Kostroma, Ples, Vladimir, Bogolyubovo, Suzdal, Yuryev-Polskoy, Uglich. The name Zalesie is primarily geographical; it meant everything that was “beyond the forest” in relation to Kievan Rus.
CSS file:
body (font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; color: gray; font-size: 8pt;) H1 (color: green; font-size: 130%;) p (text-indent: 15px ; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: letter-spacing: 7px;)