Micro-USB pinout and connector color scheme. Pinout of USB connectors for charging phones

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In our age computer technology, smartphones and gadgets, it’s hard to find a person who doesn’t know what USB connectors are. Also, almost everyone understands words such as mini- and micro-USB connector. After all, we use such things almost every day, which is natural. Similar connectors are found on the charger and on all peripheral devices of the computer.

But what to do if the soldering has come off at the base, and there is no way to even understand what color and what contact was soldered to? This is where knowledge should be applied, and now let’s try to figure out which ones.

Wiring of such a plug, or, in other words, pinout USB wires, in its essence, does not contain anything overly complex. Once you get the sequence and colors figured out, anyone who can hold a soldering iron can do this kind of work.

But first you need to understand what a USB plug is.

What is a USB connector?

At its core, it is a connector with many capabilities, ranging from USB power before transferring complex information data. This cable replaced the previously used options for connecting to a computer (PS/2 ports, etc.). It is used today for all devices connected to personal computer, be it a mouse, flash drives, printer, camera or modem, joystick or keyboard - USB cables have become truly universal.

There are three types of such connectors:

1.1 - its purpose is already outdated peripheral devices with the ability to transmit information at only one and a half megabits per second. Of course, after a little modification by the manufacturer, the transmission speed rose to 12 Mbit/s, but it still couldn’t stand the competition with higher-speed options. Of course, when Apple there was already a connector supporting 400 Mbit/s. Now such species also exist, but there are very few of them, since more fast USB wires, mini USB, and indeed, USB speed occupies a special place in a person’s life. Everyone is in a hurry somewhere, in a hurry to live, there are people who practically do not sleep, and therefore the faster the information is downloaded, the more preferable the connector is, right?
2.0. At the end of the last century, the second generation of such connectors was released. Here the manufacturer has already tried - the transmission speed has increased to almost 500 Mbit/sec. And it was intended mainly for complicated gadgets, like digital video camera.
3.0 - this is already real high tech. The maximum data transfer rate of 5 Gbit/s provided this USB connector with demand, which practically reduced the first and second versions to zero. In the third series, the number of wires has been increased to nine versus four. However, the connector itself has not been modified, and therefore you can still use the types of the first and second series with it.

Pinout designations

When looking at the pinout diagram, you need to understand all the symbols that are present on it. Usually indicated:

Type of connector - it can be active (A) or passive (B). A connection between a printer, scanner, etc. is called passive. In general, a connector that only works to receive information. Through the active it is possible to receive and transmit data.
The shape of the connector is “mother”, that is, a socket (F), and “male” is a plug (M).
Connector sizes - regular, mini and micro.

TO example USB AM, that is, an active USB plug.

The wires should be arranged by color as follows (from left to right):

Red wire - positive, DC voltage at 5V. With maximum current 500 milliamps.
The wire white-data-
Green wire - data+
Black wire - this wire is common, ground, negative. There is no voltage on it.

But the mini and micro connector include 5 wires with this arrangement:

The wires are red, white and green - arranged similarly to the first option.
ID - this wire in connectors “B” is free. In “A” it must be connected to a black wire.

Sometimes the connector may contain a separate wire without insulation - this is the so-called “ground”, which is soldered to the body.

According to the presented diagrams, the external side is visible here. In order to solder the plug yourself, you need to take mirror reflection drawing, and as it probably became clear, the microUSB pinout is no more complicated than that of conventional USB connectors.

By the way, if the damaged parts of the cable are intended to be used only for charging mobile phones, it will be more convenient to look at the colors of the wires and solder only black and red. This connector is quite enough for a phone; it will charge it. What to do with the rest of the wires? You don't need to do anything with them.

The tech world has finally united around one charging standard after years of proprietary adapters and power supplies. We're even already seeing some hints at a new USB-C connector, which should replace the existing USB, as well as USB Micro-B, which Samsung once introduced into the Galaxy line. But before that, regardless Apple Lightning, the Micro USB connector killed the industry's penchant for custom ports.

Ten years ago, you had to make sure you had the right charger for every device. Today, you can charge your phone at a friend's house, connect to any computer, and download photos from your digital camera directly to your TV with a single wire. But another problem arises - USB power. Not all USB chargers, connectors and cables are created equal. You've probably noticed that some USB connectors are more powerful than others. On some desktop PCs, even when they are turned on, you can easily charge your smartphone via USB in a fairly short time.

There are now four types of USB - USB 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 3.1, not counting the new USB-C connector. Moreover, for most USB networks There are two types of devices - “master” and peripheral device. In most cases, the PC is the host, and the smartphone, tablet or camera is the device. Power always flows from the host to the device, but data can flow in both directions.
And now the numbers - the USB connector has four pins, and USB cable has four wires. The internal data transfer pins (D+ and D-) and external pins provide 5V power. In terms of actual current parameters (milliamps or mA), there are three kinds of USB ports - standard output port, charging output port and dedicated charging port. The first two can be found in the computer, and the third is found in “wall” chargers.
In USB 1.0 and 2.0, the standard output port can output up to 500 mA (0.5 A), in USB 3.0 the value increases to 900 mA (0.9 A). The charging output port and dedicated charging port provide up to 1500mA (1.5A). USB 3.1 may have throughput up to 10 Gbps in SuperSpeed mode, which is approximately equivalent to the first generation of Thunderbolt. It also supports 1.5A and 3A current.
The USB-C connector will be completely different. Firstly, it is universal. Secondly, it provides twice the bandwidth of USB 3.0 and can output more power. Apple used USB-C in its new MacBook, just like Google did with the latest Chromebook Pixel. But there are also older connectors that support the 3.1 standard.
USB has the ability to charge in sleep mode, where the ports remain active when the computer is turned off. But besides desktop PCs, some laptops are also capable of this.

There are many variations between the usual USB ports rated at 500 mA and dedicated charging ports that vary up to 3000 mA. This leads to quite important issue: If you take a smartphone that comes with a 900mA wall charger and plug it into a 2100mA iPad charger, will there be any problems?
In general, no. You can connect any USB device via any USB cable to any USB connector and nothing will explode, and a more powerful charger will even speed up battery charging.
The more specific answer is that a lot depends on the age of the device. Back in 2007, the USB Implementers Forum introduced the Battery Charging Specification, standardizing more quick ways charging. Soon after, USB devices began to implement these functions.
If you have a modern device, then almost every smartphone, tablet and camera can be connected to a connector with high strength current and enjoy the benefits fast charging. However, if you use outdated devices, they probably won't work with the Battery Charging Specification. They will only work with older USB 1.0 and 2.0 ports (usually 500mA). In some particularly severe cases, devices can only be charged using a computer if certain drivers are available.
But there are a few more things that are useful to know. While computers may have two types of USB connectors - a standard output and a charging port, manufacturers rarely label them as such. As a result, the device can only be charged from one of them. For the same reason, some external devices - hard disks And optical drives may require more power than the USB port can provide, so they have a Y-cable or an additional AC adapter.
Either way, USB has made charging gadgets much easier. And if the new USB-C connector delivers all the functionality it promises, things will get even better and we'll be free of misconnection issues forever.

Charging problems various devices via USB often occur when non-standard chargers are used. At the same time, charging occurs rather slowly and incompletely or completely absent.

It should also be said that charging via USB is not possible with all mobile devices. They have this port only for data transfer, and a separate round socket is used for charging.

The output current in computer USB is no more than half an ampere for USB 2.0, and for USB 3.0 – 0.9 A. For a number of devices, this may not be enough for a normal charge.

It happens that you have a charger at your disposal, but it does not charge your gadget (this may be indicated by a message on the display or there will be no charge indication). Such a charger is not supported by your device, and this may be due to the fact that a number of gadgets scan for the presence of a certain voltage on pins 2 and 3 before starting the charging process. For other devices, the presence of a jumper between these pins, as well as their potential, may be important.

Thus, if the device does not support the proposed type of charger, then the charging process will never begin.

In order for the device to start charging from the charger provided to it, it is necessary to provide the necessary voltages on the 2nd and 3rd USB pins. For different devices these voltages may also differ.

Many devices require that pins 2 and 3 have a jumper or resistance element whose value is no more than 200 ohms. Such changes can be made in the USB_AF socket, which is located in your memory. Then it will be possible to charge using a standard Data cable.

The Freelander Typhoon PD10 gadget requires the same connection circuit, but the charge voltage must be at 5.3 V.

If the charger does not have a USB_AF socket, and the cord comes out directly from the charger case, you can solder mini-USB or micro-USB plugs to the cable. Connections must be made as shown in the following picture:

Various products Apple has this connection option:

In the absence of a 200 kOhm resistance element on pins 4 and 5, Motorola devices cannot carry out a full charge.

For charging Samsung Galaxy It is necessary to have a jumper on pins 2 and 3, as well as a 200 kOhm resistor element on pins 4 and 5.

Samsung fully charged Galaxy Tab in a gentle mode, it is recommended to use two resistors with a nominal value of 33 kOhm and 10 kOhm, as shown in the picture below:

A device such as E-ten can be charged by any charger, but only on the condition that pins 4 and 5 are connected by a jumper.

This scheme is implemented in the USB-OTG cable. But in this case it is necessary to use additional USB adapter dad-dad.

The Ginzzu GR-4415U universal charger and other similar devices have sockets with different connection resistors for charging iPhone/Apple and Samsung/HTC devices. The pinout of these ports looks like this:

To charge your Garmin navigator, you need the same cable with a jumper on pins 4 and 5. But in this case, the device cannot charge while in use. In order for the navigator to be recharged, it is necessary to replace the jumper with a resistor rated 18 kOhm.

Tablets usually require 1-1.5A to charge, but as mentioned earlier, USB ports will not be able to charge them properly as USB 3.0 will only output 900mA maximum.

Some tablet models have a round coaxial socket for charging. In this case, the positive pin of the mini-USB/micro-USB socket does not have a connection to the battery charge controller. According to some users of such tablets, if you connect the plus from the USB socket to the plus of the coaxial socket with a jumper, charging can be carried out via USB.

You can also make an adapter for connecting to a coaxial socket, as shown in the figure below:

Here are the jumper diagrams indicating the voltage and resistor values:

As a result, in order to charge various gadgets from non-native chargers, you need to make sure that the charging produces a voltage of 5 V and a current of at least 500 mA, and make changes to the USB socket or plug according to the requirements of your device.

Convenient storage radio components

Most modern mobile phones, smartphones, tablets and other wearable gadgets, supports charging through the socket USB mini-USB or micro-USB. True, a single standard is still far away and each company is trying to do the pinout in its own way. Probably they should buy the charger from her. It’s good that the USB plug and socket itself were made standard, as well as the supply voltage of 5 volts. So, having any charger adapter, you can theoretically charge any smartphone. How? and read on.

Pinout of USB connectors for Nokia, Philips, LG, Samsung, HTC

Brands Nokia, Philips, LG, Samsung, HTC and many other phones will recognize the charger only if the Data+ and Data- pins (2nd and 3rd) are shorted. You can short them in the USB_AF socket charger and easily charge your phone via a standard data cable.

Pinout of USB connectors on the plug

If the charger already has an output cord (instead of an output jack), and you need to solder a mini-USB or micro-USB plug to it, then you do not need to connect pins 2 and 3 in the mini/micro USB itself. In this case, you solder the plus to 1 contact, and the minus to the 5th (last).

Pinout of USB connectors for iPhone

For iPhones, the Data+ (2) and Data- (3) contacts should be connected to the GND (4) contact through 50 kOhm resistors, and to the +5V contact through 75 kOhm resistors.

Samsung Galaxy charging connector pinout

To charge the Samsung Galaxy, a 200 kOhm resistor must be installed in the USB micro-BM plug between pins 4 and 5 and a jumper between pins 2 and 3.

Pinout of USB connectors for Garmin navigator

For power or charge Garmin navigator A special data cable is required. Just to power the navigator via cable, you need to short-circuit pins 4 and 5 of the mini-USB plug. To recharge, you need to connect pins 4 and 5 through an 18 kOhm resistor.

Pinout diagrams for charging tablets

Almost anyone tablet computer charging requires a large current - 2 times more than a smartphone, and charging through the mini/micro-USB socket in many tablets is simply not provided by the manufacturer. After all, even USB 3.0 will not provide more than 0.9 amperes. Therefore, a separate nest (often round type) is placed. But it can also be adapted to a powerful USB power source if you solder an adapter like this.

Pinout of the charging socket of the Samsung Galaxy Tab tablet

For the correct charge Samsung tablet Galaxy Tab recommend a different circuit: two resistors: 33 kOhm between +5 and jumper D-D+; 10 kOhm between GND and jumper D-D+.

Pinout of charging port connectors

Here are some voltage diagrams for USB contacts indicating the values of the resistors that allow these voltages to be obtained. Where a resistance of 200 Ohms is indicated, you need to install a jumper whose resistance should not exceed this value.

Charger port classification

SDP(Standard Downstream Ports) – data exchange and charging, allows current up to 0.5 A.
CDP(Charging Downstream Ports) – data exchange and charging, allows current up to 1.5 A; hardware identification of the port type (enumeration) is performed before the gadget connects the data lines (D- and D+) to its USB transceiver.
DCP(Dedicated Charging Ports) - charging only, allows current up to 1.5 A.
ACA(Accessory Charger Adapter) – PD-OTG operation is declared in Host mode (with connection to PD peripherals - USB-Hub, mouse, keyboard, HDD and with the ability additional food), for some devices – with the ability to charge PD during an OTG session.

How to remake a plug with your own hands

Now you have a pinout diagram for all popular smartphones and tablets, so if you have the skill to work with a soldering iron, there will be no problems converting any standard USB connector to the type your device needs. Any standard charge that is based on using USB, involves the use of only two wires - +5V and a common (negative) contact.

Just take any 220V/5V charging adapter and cut off the USB connector from it. The cut end is completely freed from the shield while the remaining four wires are stripped and tinned. Now take a cable with a USB connector the right type, after which we also cut off the excess from it and carry out the same procedure. Now all that remains is to simply solder the wires together according to the diagram, after which each connection is insulated separately. The resulting case is wrapped on top with electrical tape or tape. You can fill it with hot glue - also a normal option.

Bonus: all other connectors (sockets) for mobile phones and their pinouts are available in a single large table -.

Majority modern gadgets(mobile phones, smartphones, players, e-books, etc.) supports charging via a USB mini/micro socket. There may be several connection options:

The device can be charged from a PC via a standard data cable. Usually this is a USB_AM—USB_BM_mini/micro cable. If a device requires a current of more than 0.5 A to charge (this is the maximum that USB 2.0 is capable of), then the charging time can be painfully long, even indefinitely. The USB 3.0 port (the blue one) already produces 0.9 A, but this may not seem enough to some.
Using the same data cable, your device can be charged from native charger (mains or car) equipped with a 4-pin USB-AF socket, like on a computer. Of course, this is no longer a real USB port. The charger socket only outputs approximately 5V between pins 1 and 4 of the 4-pin socket (plus on pin #1, minus on pin #4). Well, still in between different contacts All kinds of jumpers and resistors can be installed in the sockets. For what? This witchcraft will be discussed below.
The gadget can be connected to a third-party or homemade charger that provides 5 volts. And this is where the fun begins...

If you try to charge from someone else's charger with USB output your gadget may refuse to charge under the pretext that the charger allegedly does not suit it. The answer is that many phones/smartphones “look” at how the Data+ and Data- wires are connected, and if the gadget doesn’t like something, the charger will be rejected.

Nokia, Philips, LG, Samsung, HTC and many other phones will only recognize the charger if the Data+ and Data- pins (2nd and 3rd) are shorted. You can short them in the USB_AF socket of the charger and easily charge your phone via a standard data cable.

If the charger already has an output cord (instead of an output jack), and you need to solder a mini/micro USB plug to it, then do not forget to connect pins 2 and 3 in the mini/micro USB itself. In this case, you solder the plus to 1 contact, and the minus to the 5th (last).

U iPhones In general, there are some occult requirements for switching the charger socket: the Data+ (2) and Data- (3) contacts must be connected to the GND contact (4) through 49.9 kΩ resistors, and to the +5V contact through 75 kΩ resistors.

Motorola“requires” a 200 kOhm resistor between pins 4 and 5 of the USB micro-BM plug. Without a resistor, the device does not charge until it is completely charged.

To charge Samsung Galaxy The USB micro-BM plug must have a 200 kOhm resistor between pins 4 and 5 and a jumper between pins 2 and 3.

For a more complete and “humane” charge of the tablet Samsung Galaxy Tab They recommend another circuit: two resistors: 33 kOhm between +5 and the D-D+ jumper; 10 kOhm between GND and jumper D-D+.

Apparatus E-ten(“Raccoon”) is not interested in the state of these contacts, and will support even a simple charger. But he has an interesting requirement for charging cable— “Raccoon” charges only if pins 4 and 5 are short-circuited in the mini-USB plug.

If you don’t want to bother with a soldering iron, you can buy a USB-OTG cable - in its mini-USB plug, pins 4 and 5 are already closed. But then you will also need a USB AM-AM adapter, that is, “male”-“male”.

The Ginzzu GR-4415U car charger and its analogues, which claim to be universal, are equipped with two output sockets: “HTC/Samsung” and “Apple” or “iPhone”. The pinout of these sockets is shown below.

For power or charge Garmin navigator A special data cable is required. Just to power the navigator via a data cable, you need to short-circuit pins 4 and 5 of the mini-USB plug. To recharge, you need to connect pins 4 and 5 through an 18 kOhm resistor:

Separate topic - charging tablets. As a rule, a tablet requires a decent current (1÷1.5 amperes) to charge, and charging through the mini/micro-USB socket in many tablets is simply not provided by the manufacturer. After all, even USB 3.0 will not provide more than 0.9 amperes.
True, some tablet models can be charged slowly and sadly when turned off.
On YouTube, one guy suggests installing a jumper in the 3Q tablet between the first contact of the mini/micro-USB socket (this is +5 V) and the positive (central) contact of the round (coaxial) charging socket. They say that this tablet has enough current from USB, it’s just that the + USB socket is not connected to the battery charge controller. After installing the jumper, the tablet supposedly charges. In principle, this is a solution if the round charging socket itself is already broken.
On the contrary, if the round socket is fine, but for some reason you want to take power for charging from Computer USB or a charger with such a connector, you can make the following adapter: