At least once in his life, every motorist is faced with the problem of a dead battery. To prevent such a malfunction, it is necessary to properly maintain the battery and charge it on time using a charger. What is a pulse charger for a car battery, what is its operating principle and how to build the device with your own hands - read on.

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Device characteristics

Devices designed for batteries are divided into several types - transformer and pulse. Transformer chargers for car batteries are large in weight and size, while their efficiency is significantly lower than that of other devices. As a result, the demand for such chargers has gradually decreased. Today, the pulse charger is the most popular type.

Design and principle of operation

Any pulse charger for a car battery is a device designed to restore charge.

Structurally, the pulse memory consists of the following elements:

• transformer (pulse);
• rectifier devices;
• stabilizer device;
• indication elements;
• main unit designed to control the charging procedure.

It should be noted that all the elements that make up the pulse charger are small in size when compared with transformer chargers. In principle, building such a device for charging a car battery with your own hands is not so difficult - all you need is a board that will control the transistor. Due to the fact that the design of this type of device is quite simple, and the components for manufacturing are easily accessible, pulse chargers are popular among our car enthusiasts.

As for the principle of operation, the charging procedure itself can be carried out using one of several methods:

• by voltage at constant current;
• voltage of constant parameters;
• combined method.

In principle, the method of stressing constant values ​​is the most correct from a theoretical point of view. This is because pulse chargers for car batteries can automatically control current parameters only if the voltage is constant. If you want to ensure that the charging level is as high as possible, you must also take into account the discharge parameter.

As for the DC voltage method, this option is not the most optimal. This is because when the battery is quickly charged as a result of exposure to direct current, the plates of the device can simply crumble. And it will be impossible to restore them.

The combined battery charging option is one of the most gentle. When using this method, a direct current first passes, and at the very end of the procedure it begins to change to alternating current. Further, this parameter gradually decreases to zero, thus stabilizing the voltage level. According to experts, this operating scheme allows you to prevent or minimize the likelihood of a car battery boiling. In addition, this approach also reduces the likelihood of gas release.

Aspects of equipment selection

If you want to ensure that your car battery works properly, you need to think in advance about purchasing the necessary charger for charging.

There are certain nuances of this issue that it is advisable to take into account:

1. First of all, many consumers are interested in the question of whether the charger, working according to its own scheme, will be able to restore a completely discharged car battery. Here you need to take into account that not all chargers sold in car stores can cope with this task. Therefore, when purchasing, you need to clarify this point with the sellers.
2. The second, important aspect is the level of the maximum current parameter that the charger produces during operation. In addition, you need to take into account the voltage to which the car battery will be charged. For example, if you choose a pulse charger, then keep in mind that it should have a disable option or a support function that turns on automatically when fully charged (video author - ChipiDip).

When operating a charger with your own hands, you need to consider several points. First of all, this is a sequence of actions. To begin with, it is recommended to dismantle the cover of the device and unscrew the plugs. If it is necessary to add electrolyte to the system, use distilled water to do this; this must be done before the charging procedure is carried out.

Consider several parameters:

1. Voltage level. The maximum value in this case should be no more than 14.4 volts.
2. Current strength. This parameter is adjustable; to do this, take into account the level of battery discharge. For example, if the car battery is 25% discharged, then when the charger is activated, the current parameter may increase.
3. Car battery charging time. If there are no indicators on the charger, then you can understand when the car’s battery is charged by looking at the current value. In particular, if this parameter does not change for three hours, this will indicate that the battery is charged.

Never charge the device for more than 24 hours, this will cause the electrolyte to simply boil and a short circuit to occur inside the circuit.

Instructions for making a pulse charger with your own hands

To build a charger for a car battery with your own hands, use the IR2153 circuit. This circuit differs from the production circuit of a conventional charger in that instead of two capacitors connected to the midpoint, only one electrolyte is used. It should be noted that this do-it-yourself manufacturing scheme allows you to make a charger for a car battery, designed for low power. But this problem can also be solved by using more powerful elements.

In the diagram above, 8N50 type keys are used, equipped with an insulated housing. As for diode bridges, it is better to use those that are installed in computer power supplies. If you don’t have such circuit elements, then you can try to assemble a diode bridge from four rectifier diodes (the author of the video about creating a charger for a car battery is Blaze Electronics).

Now let's move on to the power circuit of the circuit device. To build this component with your own hands, use a resistor to dampen the current; use an 18 kOhm device. After the resistor in the circuit there is a regular rectifier component installed on one diode, while the power itself will in any case be supplied to the board. Directly on the power supply there is an electrolyte, which is connected in parallel to a capacitor (this element can be either film or ceramic). The use of a capacitor is necessary in order to ensure the most optimal smoothing of pulses and noise.

As for the transformer, it can also be removed from the PC power supply. It should be noted that such a transformer is excellent for creating a battery charger, since it allows for a good output current. In addition, a transformer of this type can simultaneously provide several output voltage parameters. The diodes themselves should only be pulsed, since standard elements will not be able to function as a result of too high a frequency.

The filter does not need to be added to the circuit, but instead it is advisable to install several containers and the inductor itself. To reduce the surge level at the input to the filter element, it is advisable to add a 5 Ohm thermistor to the circuit. You can also remove this element with your own hands from the PC power supply. An important point will be the installation of an electrolytic capacitor. It must be selected based on a special ratio of 1 Watt - 1 µF, the voltage level should be 400 volts.

In general, this scheme is quite simple in design. In practice, if you approach this issue correctly, it will not be so difficult to build, even if you have no experience. And considering that you will have the material with all the necessary diagrams and symbols at hand, coping with such a task will be as easy as shelling pears. Of course, if you cannot distinguish a transformer from a resistor, then it is better to just go to the store and buy the necessary charger.

Video “Making a pulse charger with your own hands”

All the nuances that need to be taken into account, as well as detailed step-by-step instructions for making a pulse charger for a car battery, are given below (the author of the video is Soldering Iron TV).

Very powerful car charger up to 50 Amps. We have already talked about various battery chargers more than once. This time will be no exception; we will consider a very powerful charger, which can ultimately produce power up to 600 W with the ability to overclock to 1500 W.

It is clear that with such high powers we cannot do without a switching power supply, otherwise the dimensions of such a device will be unaffordable in weight and size. The circuit is quite simple, shown in the figure below.

Principle of operation in general, it is no different from other switching power supplies that we examined earlier. The structure of the work is constructed as follows: the initial mains voltage is filtered, unwanted ripples are removed, then it is straightened and supplied to the switches, which form high-frequency pulses corresponding to their control circuit. Next, the pulse transformer lowers the voltage to the required value and is rectified by a conventional bridge rectifier. In general, everything is simple.

In this case, the role of the key control circuit is played by a master oscillator based on the IR2153 chip. The microcircuit body kit is shown in the diagram.

IRF740 transistors were used as keys; you can also use others; we immediately note that it is the transistors that set the final power of the charger. When using the IRF740, approximately 850 watts of power is guaranteed.

In addition to the filter, a thermistor is also installed at the input to limit the inrush current. The thermistor should be no more than 5 Ohms and designed for a current of up to 5 A. There is also a slight subtlety in the circuit, because at the mains voltage input 50 Hz there are no requirements for diodes, except for the standard ones: there are no reverse voltage (600 V) and current (6-10 A), you can take almost any with the given parameters.

The second bridge installed at the output has one feature related to the fact that high-frequency voltage is supplied from the transformer, therefore, in addition to a reverse voltage of at least 25 V and a reverse current of up to 30 A, it is imperative to use ultra-fast diodes. By the way, it is not necessary to use 4 diodes as the first bridge; you can take a ready-made diode assembly from a computer power supply.

It will be much more convenient to install. Electrolytic capacitors installed after the first bridge must be designed for a voltage of at least 250 V and with a capacity of 470 μF, by the way, they can also be taken from a computer power supply. Everything is also simple with the transformer; you can take it from the same computer power supply, which you don’t even need to rewind.

Naturally, power switches must be installed on the heat sink, because The transistors have no common points; we install them either on different radiators, or isolate them with mica spacers.

To facilitate repair work, it is advisable to install the microcircuit in a special case for its easy removal and replacement; this will greatly facilitate repair and configuration. To check the device after installation, turn it on in idle mode, i.e. without load. In this case, the power switches should not heat up at all. The power of 25 Ohm resistors on the field gates is enough to take 0.5 W.

The resistor installed to supply the IR2153 microcircuit can be in the range from 47 kOhm to 60 kOhm with a wattage of at least 5 W, and is current-limiting for current protection of the microcircuit. The output capacitors must be selected with a voltage of at least 25 V and a capacity of 1000 μF.

I would like to immediately draw your attention to the fact that the circuit does not have protection against short circuits, polarity reversal, there is no indication of operation, etc. All these shortcomings can be easily corrected, especially since they have been described on our resource more than once.

And I also want to note one point: if you need to repair your car or refill your air conditioner, then there is no problem. There is an excellent company that does this on a professional level and at the same time does everything as if it were for itself.

For car batteries. There are quite a lot of circuits for such devices - some prefer to assemble them from scrap elements, while others use ready-made blocks, for example from computers. The power supply of a personal computer can be easily converted into a high-quality charger for a car battery. In just a couple of hours you can make a device in which you can measure the supply voltage and charging current. You just need to add measuring instruments to the design.

Main characteristics of chargers

1. Transformer ones - they have a very large weight and dimensions. The reason is that a transformer is used - it has impressive windings and cores made of electrical steel, which has a lot of weight.
2. Pulse reports about such devices are more positive - the dimensions of the devices are small, the weight is also small.

It is for their compactness that consumers fall in love with pulse-type chargers. But besides this, they have a higher efficiency compared to transformer ones. On sale you can only find this type of pulse circuits. They are generally similar, they differ only in the elements used.

Charger design elements

Using a charger, the functionality of the battery is restored. The design uses exclusively modern element base. The structure includes the following blocks:

1. Pulse transformer.
2. Rectifier block.
3. Stabilizer block.
4. Instruments for measuring charging current and (or) voltage.
5. The main unit that allows you to control the charging process.

All these elements are small in size. The pulse transformer is small; its windings are wound on ferrite cores.

The simplest designs of pulse chargers for Hyundai car batteries or other brands of cars can be made with just one transistor. The main thing is to make a control circuit for this transistor. All components can be purchased at a radio parts store or removed from the power supplies of PCs, TVs, and monitors.

Features of work

Based on the operating principle, all pulse charger circuits for car batteries can be divided into the following subgroups:

1. Charging the battery with voltage, the current has a constant value.
2. The voltage remains unchanged, but the charging current gradually decreases.
3. The combined method is a combination of the first two.

The most “correct” way is to change the current, not the voltage. It is suitable for most batteries. But this is in theory, since chargers can control the current only if the output voltage is constant.

Features of charging modes

If the current remains constant and the voltage changes, then you will get a lot of trouble - the plates inside the battery will crumble, which will lead to its failure. In this case, it will not be possible to restore the battery; you will only have to buy a new one.

The most gentle mode is the combined mode, in which charging first occurs using direct current. At the end of the process, the current changes and the voltage stabilizes. With this, the possibility of boiling the battery is minimized, and less gases are released.

How to choose a charger?

In order for the battery to last as long as possible, you need to choose the right pulse charger for your car battery. The instructions for them indicate all the parameters: charging current, voltage, some even provide circuit diagrams.

Be sure to keep in mind that the charger must produce a current equal to 10% of the total capacity of the battery. You will also need to consider the following factors:

1. Be sure to check with the seller whether a specific charger model can fully restore the battery’s functionality. The problem is that not all devices are capable of doing this. If your car has a 100 A*h battery, and you buy a charger with a maximum current of 6 A, then it will clearly not be enough.
2. Based on the first point, carefully look at the maximum current the device can produce. It would be a good idea to pay attention to the voltage - some devices can produce not 12, but 24 Volts.

It is advisable that the charger have an automatic shutdown function when the battery is fully charged. With this function, you will save yourself from unnecessary problems - you will not need to control charging. As soon as the charging reaches maximum, the device will turn off itself.

Problems may certainly arise during the operation of such devices. To prevent this from happening, you need to follow simple recommendations. The main thing is to ensure that there is a sufficient amount of electrolyte in the battery banks.

If it is not enough, then add distilled water. It is not recommended to fill in pure electrolyte. Be sure to also consider the following parameters:

1. Charging voltage value. The maximum value should not exceed 14.4 V.
2. The magnitude of the current - this characteristic can be easily adjusted on pulse chargers for Orion car batteries and similar ones. To do this, an ammeter and a variable resistor are installed on the front panel.
3. Battery charging time. In the absence of indicators, it is difficult to understand when the battery is charged and when it is discharged. Connect an ammeter between the charger and the battery - if its readings do not change and are extremely small, this indicates that charging has been fully restored.

Whatever charger you use, try not to overdo it - don’t keep the battery on for more than a day. Otherwise, short circuiting and boiling of the electrolyte may occur.

Homemade devices

As a basis, you can take the circuit of a pulse charger for car batteries “Aida” or similar. Very often, the IR2153 circuit is used in homemade products. Its difference from all the others that are used to make chargers is that not two capacitors are installed, but one - electrolytic. But such a scheme has one drawback - it can only be used to make low-power devices. But this problem can be solved by installing more powerful elements.

For example, 8N50 is used in all designs. The housing of these devices is insulated. It is best to use diode bridges for homemade chargers that are installed in power supplies for personal computers. If there is no ready-made bridge assembly, you can make it from four semiconductor diodes. It is desirable that their reverse current be higher than 10 amperes. But this is for cases when the charger will be used with batteries with a capacity of no more than 70-8-0 Ah.

Charger power circuit

In pulse chargers for Bosch car batteries and similar ones, a resistor is necessarily used in the power circuit circuit to dampen the current. If you decide to make your own charger, you will need to install a resistor with a resistance of about 18 kOhm. Next in the diagram is a half-wave rectifier block. It uses only one semiconductor diode, after which an electrolytic capacitor is installed.

It is necessary in order to cut off the alternating current component. It is advisable to use ceramic or film elements. According to Kirchhoff's laws, substitution schemes are drawn up. In AC mode, the capacitor is replaced by a piece of conductor. And when the circuit operates on direct current, there is a break. Consequently, in the rectified current after the diode there will be two components: the main one - direct current, as well as alternating current residues, they need to be removed.

Pulse transformer

The design of the Koto pulse charger for car batteries uses a specially designed transformer. For homemade products, you can use a ready-made one - remove it from the power supply of a personal computer. They use transformers that are ideal for implementing charger circuits - they can create a high level of current.

They also allow you to provide several voltage values ​​at the charger output at once. The diodes that are installed after the transformer must be pulsed; others simply cannot work in the circuit. They will quickly fail when trying to rectify high frequency current. It is advisable to install several electrolytic capacitors and an RF choke as a filter element. It is recommended to use a 5 ohm thermistor to reduce surge levels.

By the way, the thermistor can also be found in an old power supply from a computer. Pay attention to the capacity of the electrolytic capacitor - it must be selected based on the power value of the entire device. For every 1 Watt of power, 1 µF is required. Operating voltage is at least 400 V. You can use four elements of 100 μF each, connected in parallel. With this connection, the capacities are summed up.

A good and interesting circuit for a high-quality charger based on the IR2153 microcircuit, a self-clocked half-bridge driver, which is quite often used in electronic ballasts for energy-saving lamps.

The circuit operates from an alternating voltage network of 220 Volts, its output power is about 250 watts, which is about 20 Amperes at 14 Volts of output voltage, which is quite enough to charge car batteries.

There is a surge filter at the input and protection against voltage surges and overload of the power supply. The thermistor protects the keys during the initial moment of turning on the circuit to a 220 Volt network. Then the mains voltage is rectified by a diode bridge.

The voltage passes through a limiting resistance of 47 kOhm to the generator microcircuit. Pulses of a certain frequency follow to the gates of high-voltage switches, which, when triggered, pass voltage into the network winding of the transformer. On the secondary winding we have the voltage required to charge the batteries.

The output voltage of the charger depends on the number of turns in the secondary winding and the operating frequency of the generator. But the frequency should not be raised above 80 kHz, optimally 50-60 kHz.

High voltage switches IRF740 or IRF840. By changing the capacitance of the capacitors in the input circuit, you can increase or decrease the output power of the charger; if necessary, you can reach 600 watt power. But you need 680 uF capacitors and a powerful diode bridge.

The transformer can be taken ready-made from a computer power supply. Or you can do it yourself. The primary winding contains 40 turns of wire with a diameter of 0.8 mm, then we apply a layer of insulation and wind the secondary winding - about 3.5-4 turns of fairly thick wire or use stranded wire.

After the rectifier, a filter capacitor with a capacity of no more than 2000 μF is installed in the circuit.

At the output it is necessary to install pulsed diodes with a current of at least 10-30A, ordinary ones will immediately burn out.

Attention, the charger circuit does not have short circuit protection and will immediately fail if this happens.

Another version of the charger circuit on the IR2153 chip

The diode bridge consists of any rectifier diodes with a current of at least 2A, or more, and with a reverse voltage of 400 Volts; you can use a ready-made diode bridge from an old computer power supply; it has a reverse voltage of 600 Volts at a current of 6 A.

To ensure the required power parameters of the microcircuit, you need to take a resistance of 45-55 kOhm with a power of 2 watts; if you cannot find such, connect several low-power resistors in series.

Example of a pulse charger for a car battery

Many car owners are familiar with the picture when they get behind the wheel and discover that the battery charge is not enough to start the engine. In such a situation, you will have to think about charging the car battery. Therefore, you should always have a charger for your car battery on hand. Then, in such a situation, you can recharge the dead battery and start the engine. If you don’t have a charger yet, then it’s time to start choosing one. In this article we will talk about pulse chargers for car batteries. Let's look at how they differ from other memory devices and give several examples of such devices with circuits.

Basically, memory devices are divided according to their purpose into 3 large groups:

• chargers;
• starting-charging;
• launchers.

Chargers, as the name suggests, charge a car battery. Starting models are used when you need to start the engine. And models of the starting-charging group can charge the battery and start the engine. It goes without saying that the charger requires a connection to an electrical network to operate. Moreover, starting and starting-charging models must be connected to the network at the moment the engine starts. Although there are also portable chargers that have their own batteries inside and start the engine using their energy. These portable chargers are convenient to take with you on the road.

If you have a garage with electricity, then it makes sense to buy a starter charger. In this case, if necessary, you can start the engine with the battery installed. And if the charger will only be used to charge the battery, then take a simple model without unnecessary options.

By design, chargers are divided into pulse and transformer. Transformer models include a rectifier (diode bridge) and a step-down transformer. The design of inverter charging is powered by an inverter and provides short circuit protection. Transformer-based models are large in size. The average user is recommended to choose pulse chargers, as they are more modern, compact and lightweight. They cost a little more than transformers.

Example of a pulse charger for a car battery

Next, we consider the circuit and operating principle of a pulse charger from the book “Chargers”, authors A. G. Khodasevich and T. I. Khodasevich. Before charging, this charger discharges the battery to a voltage of 10.5 volts. In this case, a current of C/20 is used. C – battery capacity. After this, the voltage on the battery increases to 14.2-14.5 volts using a charge-discharge cycle. In this case, the ratio of charge and discharge currents is 10 to 1. The ratio of charge and discharge time is 3 to 1. Below you can see the main characteristics of the charger:

The figure below shows a schematic diagram of a pulse memory.

Memory operating modes:

• Switch SA3 is set to the “Charge” position. When the SA1 power button is turned on, the device works like a regular charger with adjustable current. The discharge is not performed;
• Switch SA2 is set to the “Desulfation” position. In this mode, the battery is charged and discharged. If the SB1 button is pressed, then before charging the battery is discharged with a current of 2.5 amperes to a voltage of 10.5 volts. After this, the battery is charged to a voltage of 14.2-14.5 volts. At the end of the process, the charger is automatically turned off. If switch SA3 is in the Repeated position, this process is repeated until interrupted by the user. Used to restore the battery.

How does the device work? The line filter C1, C2, C3, L1 is supplied with 220 volts from the household electrical network. The role of the filter is to delay interference from the electrical network. Next, the voltage is equalized on the diodes VD1, VD2, VD3, VD4 and smoothed using capacitor C5. The role of resistor R3 is to limit the charging of capacitor C5. U1 is an optocoupler that is responsible for monitoring the voltage in the network. When there is no voltage, the DD2.3 element is blocked and the battery charging mode is turned off.

When the battery is connected, comparator DA1 comes to position “1” and transistor VT5 opens. In this position, the HL2 LED lights up, signaling the activation of the “Charge” mode. From the VT5 collector, voltage is supplied to DD1.3 (pin 9) and DD1.4 (pin 13). As a result, the low-frequency generator is unblocked. In this case, the duty cycle of the pulses is regulated by resistors R4 (discharge) and R6 (charge). The pulse frequency determines the capacitance of capacitor C2.

When charging is in progress, output “10” of DD1.3 is set to 1, which leads to the opening of transistor VT1 and blocking the upper threshold of comparator DA1 at 14.2 volts. This is explained by the fact that the comparison of the battery voltage with the upper threshold is performed in discharge mode. This prevents the comparator from triggering at a time when the battery is not yet charged. The voltage converter is triggered through transistor VT2 and optocoupler U2 through the high level of DD1.3.

When a discharge occurs, the converter is blocked at the “10” pin of DD1.3 and 1 is set at the “11” pin of DD1.3. The switches on VT3 and VT4 are activated. As a result, the battery is discharged by the HL1 bulb. To prevent it from burning out, the light bulb is designed with a double voltage reserve.

When the SB1 “Start” button is pressed, the comparator DA1 goes to position “0”. As a result, transistor VT5 closes and the generator at DD1 and the voltage converter are blocked.

At the “3” output of DD2.1, D2.2, 1 appears. If the mains voltage is applied, then the inputs of DD2.3 are set to 1. At the output of DD2.4, transistors VT7, VT8 are activated and the HL4 LED lights up, which indicates “Discharge”. In this mode, the discharge current is set through the HL3 bulb. Lamp voltage 12 volts, power 30 watts.

The discharge continues until the battery voltage reaches 10.5 volts until the comparator R20, R21, DA1 is triggered. After this, output DA1 is set to 1 again and the charging cycle begins. When the battery voltage reaches 14.2 volts, the comparator R11, R14, DA1 is activated. If switch SA3 was set to the “Once” position, the HL2 LED will go out and the device will stop charging. If SA3 was set to "Multiple", then a new cycle will be started and the discharge will begin.

Capacitors C6, C7 protect the circuit from interference and delay the operation of the comparators when transitioning from one mode to another. The DA3 stabilizer protects microcircuits in the event of a short-term loss of contact at the battery terminals, since in idle mode the voltage at the converter output jumps to 25 volts.

The device's developers say that initial adjustment of the threshold comparators may be required. To accomplish this, light bulbs HL1, HL3 are turned off to reduce the load. Then terminals X1 and X2 are connected to the regulated power supply. The power supply voltage is set to 10.5 volts and by adjusting resistor R21, HL2 is turned on. After this, the voltage is set to 14.2 volts and resistor R11 is used to turn on HL2. After this adjustment, the light bulbs are connected and you are ready to go.

• Now a little about the components of this pulse charger. The transformer was homemade based on the chokes of the UPIMTST TV, which are responsible for horizontal scanning. The transformer has the following winding:
• Windings I and II are wound in two wires, and III in seven;
• Winding I has 91 turns (PEV-2 wire, diameter 0.5 millimeters);
• Winding II has 4 turns of similar wire;

The manual for the charger notes that the winding should be neat without overlaps. The winding rows must be laid with capacitor paper. If there is not enough wire to fill a row, then the turns are distributed evenly. The same is true for the secondary winding. Don't forget to mark the beginning and end of the winding.

When assembling the transformer, a gap of 1.3 millimeters is established in the core using cardboard spacers. The shunt is nichrome with a thickness of 0.2 millimeters and a resistance of 0.1 Ohm.

Resistors R11 and R21 are multi-turn (type SP5-2). Resistor R27 is of the SP3-4am type.

Diodes VD13 and VD14 belong to the KD213A(B) type. The authors of the circuit recommend replacing them with Schottky diodes of the KD2997A and KD2999A types. The VD12 diode is designed for a current of 2-3 amperes (30 kHz) and a voltage of 600-800 volts. Optocouplers U1 and U2 are of type AOT127. Their insulation voltage must be at least 500 volts.

• It is reported that KT315 can be replaced by any KT312 and KT3102 rated at 30 volts. VT3 belongs to the KT801 A(B) type. VT7 is type KT819 A (B, C). Capacitors in the diagram:
• C2 can be replaced with electrolytic;
• C1, C19, C22 – type K78-2;
• C3, C4 – type K15-5, voltage not less than 600 V;
• C5 – capacity 220 µF, 400 V. Or two 100 µF, 400 volts (type K50-32);

The remaining capacitors in the diagram are of type K50-35.

In order to reduce the size and weight of the memory, the authors of the scheme propose to implement a cooling circuit with a small M1 fan. The diagram is shown below.

The fan will blow on the heating parts. It is also possible to install small radiators for parts VD13 and VD14. It is proposed to make them from duralumin with dimensions of 5 by 80 by 65 millimeters. For VT1, the developers of the circuit propose to make a duralumin radiator 22 by 15 by 30 millimeters with fins.

As a possible improvement, the PA1 current indicator is also offered. This is an ammeter with a measurement limit of 10 ─ 0 ─ 10 amperes.

That is, charging and discharging current. The authors suggest using the M4761 device, which was previously used in tape recorders. It is proposed to move the arrow on it to the middle of the scale so that the charge and discharge current is visible.

On the Internet and in books you can find a large number of pulse charger circuits for car batteries. But it is impossible to cover them in one article.

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