Hello friends! In this post I will continue the topic of how to set up DVB-T2. Terrestrial digital TV, 20 channels for free, how to set up an antenna and enjoy a high-quality image.

If you are interested in what types of digital television there are and how to choose the right TV given this variety, then follow this link and

You can ask about how to choose the right antenna for digital television

Well, right now, about how to configure the antenna and equipment to digital channels.

A little general information for a better understanding of the matter.

Currently, terrestrial digital television offers 20 television programs, and to listening to 3 radio stations. Total 23 and these channels are included in two digital television packages.

But what’s interesting is that the user does not need to separately configure all 23 frequency channels on his TV or set-top box, but only two.

P.S. Residents of Moscow and the region can enjoy more; they are broadcasting a third package, which already includes 30 digital television programs and the need to tune in three frequency channels.

To make it clearer, let's remember how it works in analog signal? In this case, on one frequency channel There is a broadcast of one TV channel, for example, in my region, on frequency channel 6, the First Channel was broadcast, on the frequency of channel 12, the Rossiya TV channel was broadcast, and in the UHF range, on the frequency of channel 27, there were broadcasts from the NTV channel. And then further - One frequency channel = one television channel!

With the arrival digital broadcasting everything has changed!

And one of its advantages is that now not one TV channel is broadcast on one frequency channel, but ten or more at once, so to speak in a package. This is called “Package” or “Multiplex”. For example, from the television center in Belgorod on channel 43 of digital broadcasting 10 television channels and plus 3 radio stations is the first package, and on the 46 channel frequency another 10 TV channels are the second package. Thus, only two television frequencies are used, and not twenty-three. But keep in mind that if in Belgorod these are channels 43 and 46, then in another city these will be different frequencies.

There is only one thing that unites everyone, in any region these will be frequencies of the decimeter (UHF) range, and therefore an antenna is also needed for UHF. (ADDITION: Currently, some broadcasters are still broadcasting only one of the two packages, i.e. only ten channels.)

Find out on which channels Digital is broadcast terrestrial television in your region, where the transmission towers are located and whether they operate in full mode, broadcasting two packets, This information can be extremely useful for the successful installation of the antenna.

So, if you decide to organize digital terrestrial TV channels You will need:

1. A TV with a built-in DVB-T2 tuner or, if it does not have one, then you will need a set-top box for digital television, also in DVB-T2 format.
2. And of course the antenna itself, UHF range. Indoor or outdoor, depends on the proximity to the translator and the quality of the signal in your area.
3. Television cable, antenna plug.
4. Sometimes it helps to have a helper, and it never hurts to have patience and persistence.

How to find out if my TV is capable of receiving Digital Terrestrial Television

First, let's find out whether your TV is capable of receiving DVB-T2 signals without a set-top box, the fact is that not all devices are able to do this, old, non-flat TVs don’t even need to be checked, but flat LCD TVs may or may not receive . But if you know exactly what your TV is capable of, feel free to skip this part.

There are several ways: 1) (Dreary) Get the technical passport from the TV and look in the “technical specifications” section to find the presence of DVB-T2 there. Why is it boring? Look at your passport!….. Although sometimes you get lucky.

2) (Simpler) There is a tag on the TV case, on its back, with the TV model written on it, write it down or take a photo. Next you need to enter the TV model into search bar browser and add the word “Characteristics”. See examples in the photo below.

The model has been determined, we type in the search engine…….

Having gone to the site, select “Technical Specifications” then “Advanced” and we get where we need to go.

As you can see, this model is capable of receiving DVB-T2; it does not need a set-top box. Further designations indicate: C - digital cable, S2 - digital satellite. But we are interested in DVB-T2 and it is present, otherwise we would have to purchase an additional set-top box for digital television.

How to set up an antenna and TV for digital television under different signal conditions

Let's look at the simplest option first: You live in an area of ​​good, reliable signal reception. We have decided on the antenna, an article about this will help you. We connected the antenna to the TV and turned on auto channel search; in some models, when we go to the settings menu, the TV may prompt you to select and configure analog channels or digital choose digital. If everything went well, the TV itself will save the caught channels. You can admire excellent quality images.

Let's complicate the situation a little. On auto-search, the TV did not catch anything, or only a few channels that were snowing. If this is so, then these are not digital channels, but ordinary analogue ones; digital television cannot go with the snow. (the fact is that during auto search, the TV can scan the entire range, both digital and analog).

Your next steps: If the auto search did not help, then It will greatly simplify the situation by knowing which TV channels broadcast the first and second multiplexes in your area. And also where and in what direction the TV tower is located from you in order to correctly point the antenna. If you don’t know this, then you can also see the desired direction of the antenna by paying attention to where the neighbors’ antennas are “looking.” Just don’t use satellite dishes as a guide; they are pointed at the satellite.

If you know the channel number, then do the following - You need to find the manual tuning mode in the TV menu, don’t forget to select “Digital”; it can be designated as DTV. Next, your task is to dial from the remote control the channel number on which one of the multiplexes (packages) is broadcast. IN manual mode a scale will be displayed on the screen that visually shows the signal level received by the antenna. (Sometimes there may be two scales, for example “Level” and “Quality”, refer to the bottom one)

And now, on the scale, you can see whether there is a signal from the antenna, in some cases, if there is no signal, then the indicator on the scale may behave like this: It will jump, zero percent - one hundred percent - zero - one hundred ..... etc. d. This indicates there is no signal. By changing the position and direction of the antenna, visually determine best level signal, and this level should be stable, and if it changes, it should be within small limits, not to zero.

IMPORTANT: Please note that the result from changing the antenna position will not be reflected immediately, after about 5 seconds. So look best position stages, each time taking a short pause, observing the signal level on the scale. If the antenna is located on the street, then it will be more convenient to work here with an assistant.

When we managed to find the antenna position at which the signal is stable, we give the command to search and save channels. We repeat the search and save procedure for the second multiplex, indicating its channel number (if there is broadcasting of two multiplexes, it is not everywhere yet)

And now completely difficult situation: You live in an area with difficult television reception. This may be due to the distance from the transmitting tower, the complexity of the terrain (mountains, lowlands, wooded areas). High-rise buildings located quite close to you and at the same time standing on the way to the transmitting tower, your antenna directed at the tower seems to “rest” against the high-rise.

In these cases, the principle of the adjustment itself is the same as described above; you need to visually determine the best antenna position using a scale. But the antennas used and some methods differ.

Antennas in difficult conditions receptions you need to use active ones i.e. with an amplifier, also structurally having a higher gain. Typically, the longer the antenna arm, the greater its own gain.

Methods include the following: Determine if there are other transmission towers in a more favorable position for you. And try to catch a signal from them (fortunately they will be built quite tightly)

Using masts and other heights is the task of raising the antenna higher. (Effective in lowlands and wooded areas)

In built-up areas that are not very far from the tower, it is not necessary to use powerful antenna, try to catch the reflected signal, point the antenna not at the TV tower, but in the opposite direction, at the building behind you or on the side. If it is possible to install an antenna on the roof of a high-rise building, this will give excellent results.

Antenna setup via digital set-top box

When using a digital set-top box, everything is the same as described above; it is better to set it up manually in order to see the signal level. The only difference is that the TV plays the role of a monitor connected to the set-top box via hdmi cable or RCA (tulips). This means that all settings need to be made in the set-top box, and not in the TV. Just don’t forget to switch the TV to the appropriate VIDEO or HDMI mode (depending on what connectors you used for connection)

To do this, you need to find the corresponding button on the TV remote control, in different models it can be indicated in different ways, here are some examples, separated by an asterisk: AV* AV/TV*VIDEO* SOURSE * HDMI * RECTANGLE ICON WITH ARROW IN* INPUT* In some SONY TVs The order is as follows - HOME - Settings - External inputs.

All further actions settings are made using the remote control from the set-top box, through manual or automatic search.

Do not forget that in this case we connect the antenna to the set-top box, and not to the TV.

Read about what you need to know when choosing a digital set-top box.

Well, I hope this article can help you in connecting digital broadcasting to your home.

P. S I decided to add them below to this article as interesting cases related to tuning antennas become available. If you have any, write them in the comments and they will definitely appear in your feed.

1. In my practice, very rarely, but there were cases when the antenna did not receive the signal at all, but as soon as I moved it literally a meter to the left or right, everything went fine, we returned it a meter back, again everything disappeared.
2. Today I encountered another incident. I'll describe it in detail. The situation is this: An old TV is on the floor, it works great through the set-top box, the indoor antenna is on the windowsill nearby, the signal level is about 70-80%. In this case, there is the following task.

You need to set up the number on the new LG LCD. I put it on the windowsill, next to the antenna that I connect to it, so what? LG doesn't see a signal at all, not even an ounce. Maybe it doesn’t support DVB-T2, I thought! I checked the model, no, everything is supported in order. What's wrong with the antenna? No, the old TV works through a set-top box. I'm at a loss!

I connect a set-top box to the new LG (What if!)…….. There is a signal through the set-top box, but below 10% - It’s some kind of mystery why everything is fine with the old TV, but with the new one, which, even when in monitor mode, is connected through the set-top box, - television signal falls completely. 😯

After a short “Dancing around and around” It turned out!

The power supply of this LG was external and it was connected to the socket there, on the windowsill (there was an extension cord tee there). So, the OH power supply emitted such radio interference that being next to the antenna completely jammed the signal.

It was worth smashing into different sides, a few meters, the antenna and the power supply of the LCD TV, and everything immediately returned to normal. Bringing it close to the antenna again, the signal disappeared!

3. If you use an indoor antenna and your window is covered with metal blinds, then they can also seriously interfere with the signal. Keep this in mind!

After the advent of digital television, many users wanted to switch to its reception. It's not just about frequent discussions and the desire to try something new. The signal quality is an order of magnitude higher, and ease of access increases attractiveness. It is possible to connect digital TV to both outdated CRT models using additional devices and to modern TVs.

Methods for receiving a digital signal

There are several ways to connect a high-quality signal to your TV:

1. Cable television. Reception is carried out via a common cable. The disadvantage is the subscription fee and not universal availability;
2. Satellite TV. The signal is transmitted via satellites, and received using an individual dish. A subscription fee plus the purchase of special equipment is also required;
3. Terrestrial television. The digital TV signal is distributed from terrestrial repeaters and can be received from an indoor or outdoor antenna. This is absolutely free method watching TV shows in a modern format. It has disadvantages: the signal level is often low, the picture quality can be affected by the weather, the location of the tower, etc.

The least expensive method is to receive digital television through an antenna installed and configured by the user.

How digital television works

The transmission of pictures and sound for digital television is accomplished by encoding the video signal and sound over digital channels. Digital coding differs from analogue in its immunity to interference (external obstacles). Blurred, fuzzy picture, stripes are impossible here. The image is either clear or completely absent.

If the reception is uncertain, then perhaps the picture will disintegrate into squares, disappear from time to time and reappear. It depends on how you set up the antenna. Alternatively, you can install a different antenna or raise and deploy the existing one, pointing it at the TV tower.

Required equipment for viewing

1. Antenna;
2. A separate set-top box with a DVB T2 tuner that supports the MPEG 4 standard and can operate in Multiple PLP mode.

You can use a regular analog antenna. If the TV was released relatively recently, then it may have a built-in tuner of the required format ( outdated format DVB T is no longer supported). Then you don't need to buy anything else.

To find out whether there is a built-in DVB T2 tuner, you can look at the data in the data sheet. It’s even easier to find a TV model on the Internet and get a comprehensive answer.

Selecting a digital tuner

At first glance everything set-top boxes are the same. The main thing is not to make mistakes in the main technical specifications. But there are other features that affect further work equipment and breadth of functions covered:

1. Lack of buttons on external panel the console will require you to use it only using the remote control, which is not always convenient;
2. If the tuner does not have a USB port, this technique cannot be used as a media player. If available, you can record TV shows and play back photos and videos.

Important! A good choice is a set-top box with a separate power supply. Usually it is built inside. The most common cause of tuner failure is a faulty power supply. If it breaks, you need to repair or replace the entire set-top box, and the remote power supply must be replaced separately without any problems.

Many people hang the TV on the wall, and quite high. Then it is inconvenient to use the usual design of the console. There are equipment modifications - compact set-top boxes that are attached to the back of the TV with tape. The strength of the fastening needs to be considered. Such a receiver is controlled by a remote control through a separate sensor attached to the same tape on the external panel of the TV. Power is supplied via a wire from the TV's USB port.

The set-top box can also be used in conjunction with a computer monitor (if there is an HDMI port). Then you can watch digital television from conventional antenna. If the built-in television tuner fails, it can be easily replaced using the receiver.

What channels are available for viewing?

To watch free digital channels through a regular antenna, the 2017 list contains two multiplexes:

• first RTRS 1 – frequency 546 MHz, channel 30;
• second RTRS 2 – frequency 498 MHz, channel 24.

Technical data is valid for Moscow and the region. They may differ in other regions. A total of twenty television channels and 3 more radio programs are available.

Important! The TV does not receive additional channels. Antenna settings will not affect the number of received channels, but only their quality.

How to locate a TV tower

Users living in the city, in the signal reception area from the TV tower, are not puzzled by such questions. But for residents of remote towns and villages, the information is relevant. What knowledge is needed for best choice And correct settings antennas:

1. The exact location of the tower and the distance to it;
2. Technical parameters (channels and broadcast frequencies), using which you can catch a digital signal in a given area. This is necessary so that the user can configure TV channels on the set-top box manually;
3. Is the entire list of channels available for reception? There may be one or two packages.

Full information about TV towers is on the official RTRS website. There are maps where you need to enter the name of a specific one in the search bar settlement. A map of the area will immediately open, showing all the transmitting TV towers (green - operating, black - under construction). If you click on the cursor hovered over the selected village, information will be available about where and how many kilometers away operating transmitters are installed, channel numbers (TVCs), broadcast frequency, number of packages).

The active menu includes a function, using which you can find out the coverage areas of individual repeaters.

Now, armed with knowledge, you need to determine whether it is enough to install an indoor antenna or whether you will need an outdoor, more powerful one.

Antenna types

The analog signal is received by the MV antenna. DVB Antennas are more compact. There are combined samples capable of receiving both ranges. From such a combined design, you can remove unnecessary elements, and you will get an excellent UHF antenna. For example, if long whiskers (an element for the MV signal) are present, they can be removed.

All antennas are divided into:

• active;
• passive.

Active are those whose devices use amplifiers. The antenna with amplifier must be connected to a power source. If a receiver is used, 5-volt power for the amplifier is supplied through it. This is done in the menu settings. The option is called “Antenna Power”.

Amplifier does not always mean best reception, in some cases its use will even do harm:

1. In an area near a TV tower, turning on the amplifier can lead to a complete loss of reception due to too much strong signal;
2. The amplifier is the weakest element of the antenna and often fails. Plus a power supply and additional wires, which also require repairs and replacements;
3. The intensity of the TV signal itself is ensured structural device antennas. And the amplifier simultaneously increases the level of noise and interference;
4. If you want to connect another TV to a passive antenna, this is easier to do.

Passive designs do not have additional amplification and are usually used in areas with a stable signal.

Antenna selection and installation

An old antenna may be suitable for receiving a digital signal if it consists of short elements or a combination. If you have working, serviceable antennas, all that remains is to find out whether they will effectively catch “digital” in local conditions.

The UHF signal does not have a wide coverage area. Therefore, to distribute it, it is necessary to build a network of transmitters. The quality of the signal is greatly influenced by the surrounding landscape, the presence of high-rise buildings, mountains, forests, and the power of the repeater. Antenna installation must take into account all these factors.

Reliable reception area

Zone of stable and strong signal An area within a radius of no more than 10 km from a television tower is considered. Here, a simple indoor antenna will do an excellent job of reception. If you have an amplifier, you don't have to use it.

If the signal disappears, the image is torn, then you need to connect the existing amplifier through the set-top box by using the corresponding menu item. Power will be supplied via the antenna cable.

Multi-storey buildings can become a problem due to the reflection of decimeter waves. But this same reflection can be used. Let's say the antenna does not receive reception when it is oriented towards the TV tower. Direct it at nearby tall buildings; reception of the reflected signal may be much more effective.

It is necessary to check the presence of electrical appliances (third-party power supplies, etc.) near the indoor antenna, as well as metal blinds on the windows. They can significantly weaken the signal.

Short circuit

There are times when the set-top box suddenly stops responding to the use of the remote control or buttons, the image and sound disappear, and “Antenna short” is displayed on the screen. The problem does not mean that digital television is not working. There is simply a short circuit in antenna cable or in the receiving device itself.

Why did the short circuit happen? There may be several reasons:

1. The presence of a short circuit in the cable associated with careless installation, most likely at the connection points. The antenna plug can only be damaged due to a manufacturing defect;
2. The active receiving device is in operation, power is supplied to the amplifier. The amplifier is sensitive to lightning and can be damaged during bad weather;
3. The passive antenna is connected, and the amplifier power is turned on in the receiver menu. Passive devices are often short-circuited.

In the latter case, you need to disconnect the receiver from the network, separate the antenna from it, then apply power again, and on the connected tuner in the menu settings, set “Antenna power” to the “Off” position.

Important! Finding and eliminating causes short circuit is carried out after disconnecting the set-top box from the power supply.

Area remote from the TV tower

Far distance is considered to be more than 30 kilometers from the repeater. At powerful transmitter and line of sight, we install a small receiving device such as a wave channel or log-periodic. You need to point the antenna at the TV tower. In such conditions, it is even possible to use a room device with an amplifier.

With increasing distance and when a populated area is located in low places, the requirements for the antenna increase. More powerful samples are needed. A good receiving device must include an amplifier, and its boom is long enough. There are examples with several arrows, but they will only be needed under extremely bad conditions.

Many users have the Polish antenna, as in the recent past it was popular due to its affordable cost. Another name for it is lattice. Can this design be adapted for digital television?

It is quite functional, but a number of changes are required. The antenna amplifier does not contribute, but interferes with signal reception. Therefore, he must be taken out of work. Simply unplugging the power supply is often ineffective. It’s more reliable to remove it from the amplifier board tv cable and connect it there to the two upper bolts: to one - the central core, to the other - the shielding braid. Thus, the amplifier is excluded from the circuit, and the antenna becomes passive.

Antenna and TV setup

There are several ways to properly configure a digital signal. The choice depends on the reception conditions.

Auto search

This method is the simplest, but it requires a strong, stable signal. The equipment is installed, turned on, digital channels are selected in the settings menu, and auto search is turned on. TV in automatic mode finds and saves the entire list of channels.

Manual mode

Let's say the TV cannot catch anything in auto search mode. Or channels with interference were found. These images are not digital. Perhaps the TV at the same time went through the entire frequency range and picked up several analog channels.

Now it will be useful to know the numbers of TV channels (TVCs) through which the signal is transmitted for each multiplex. Information about the location of the television broadcaster will also be useful for pointing the antenna in the right direction. If the house is surrounded by other residential buildings, you can navigate by neighboring reception devices, but not by satellite dishes who “look” at their companion.

1. In the menu you need to enter manual settings by first selecting DTV (digital television);
2. Enter the channel number or its frequency by dialing from the remote control;
3. At the bottom of the menu, two indicators will appear showing the intensity of the television signal and its quality. Sometimes there is one indicator;
4. If even a slight signal is present, you can begin to rotate and move the antenna to achieve its amplification. You should not expect an instant reaction when changing the position of the receiving device. It will appear in a few seconds. The search must be carried out step by step, with pauses. When the antenna is external, it is difficult to do this alone; it is better to take an assistant;
5. Immediately after the appearance of a stable signal with a good level, you can begin searching for channels and saving;
6. The channels of the second multiplex are configured in the same way, if its reception is technically possible in the given area.

Important! If the signal disappears, then appears again with the scale filled to 100%, and so on one by one, this means there is no reception.

Complete lack of signal reception

This situation is typical for particularly unfavorable conditions, in low places, closed by mountains, near high-rise buildings, with low-power towers located far away.

Searching for a television signal must be done manually. At the same time, for its initial display on indicators, you need to show patience and endurance, having tried different methods:

1. Purchase a powerful active antenna;
2. If there are other towers nearby, sometimes you can try manual search on a TV set to alternative repeaters. Perhaps the signal conditions will be better;
3. Raising the antenna to a height using a mast gives a good effect;
4. When the TV tower is located close, and the house is located in the center of a densely built-up area with high-rise buildings, you should not rush to buy an expensive, powerful receiving device. It is better to experiment with the reflected signal, alternately pointing the antenna in different directions at neighboring buildings or placing it on the roof.

Setup via receiver

Old TVs, models without built-in tuners with DVB T2 support, require configuration through the receiver.

CRT TVs are connected to digital set-top box tulip cables (RCA), LCD models - HDMI cable. In the first case, when setting up, the AV mode is selected, in the second - HDMI. The mode is selected from the television remote control. On remote controls, the mode selection is located under different buttons: INPUT, SOURCE, VIDEO, just a rectangle with an arrow.

Subsequent configuration is performed using auto search or manual using the add-on remote control. The antenna must be connected to the set-top box.

Receiving a digital television signal with a regular antenna is an easy way to ensure yourself viewing a high-quality picture, requiring minimal financial costs and physical effort. With the development of the network of television towers, signal reception conditions will improve.

Video

Today it is difficult to imagine our life without television. We watch our favorite programs, films, news on TV. But the quality of the television signal does not always satisfy our desires. What can be done to improve it?

First of all, of course, you can install satellite or digital television, but if this is not possible, then you can use the following tips.

What you will need

In order to improve image quality, if you watch TV using a regular common antenna, you may need a soldering iron and an alcohol-based cleaner. You will also most likely need new cable. If you watch television on a computer, you may also need programs to improve the signal quality.

What to do

Today, there are many opportunities for those who want to watch television in high quality. This could include installing a satellite dish or connecting digital television. You can also watch TV online here. But if you are not ready to spend money on an antenna and pay a monthly subscription fee, but prefer to watch programs on TV,
and not on a computer, then there is still a way out.

First of all, you need to examine the cable through which the TV is connected to the antenna. It is necessary to make sure that there is not the slightest damage to the protective layer of the cable, and, of course, no breaks. If damage is found, or if the cable is already quite old, it must be replaced, because over time it loses its properties. If the cable was already damaged earlier and was not replaced with a new one, and an additional connection was made at the damage site, then it is better to replace it completely, because any additional connection degrades the signal quality. A soldering iron will come in handy if the cable is too short and needs to be extended. Of course, it’s better not to do this, but simply buy and stretch a cable of the required length.

To improve signal quality, you can also purchase and install an antenna amplifier. It is better to connect it via surge protector to avoid the influence of power surges. The image quality will be better if the amplifier has a separate power supply.

If you haven't installed additional antenna in the house, but you only receive the signal using a common external antenna, then buy and install it. To do this, you need to find out where the television tower closest to your house is located and install the antenna on the side of the house that is closer to the tower.

Of course, if you live in a multi-story building, the signal quality will be better on the upper floors. Therefore, the higher you can mount your antenna, the better. This may require asking your neighbors to help you. If the antenna is already installed, you can change its direction. Of course, image quality largely depends on the TV.

If you prefer to watch television online, the image quality can also be improved using various programs. Of course, no matter what antenna you install, it will only allow you to watch a limited number of channels. So if you want watch Trk Ukraine online television would be the best choice.

Good transmission quality makes watching TV a pleasant pastime. There are many ways to improve your viewing experience. The choice is yours!

http://tvgold-online.ru/49-trk-ukraina.html

It's hard to imagine life modern man no TV. At the same time, some take full advantage of the advanced smart functionality of receivers, while others choose to watch programs and movies using the old proven method - using broadcast signals digital or analogue broadcasting. At the same time, the pleasure of watching programs is often spoiled by the poor quality of TV signal reception. In our article we will try to talk in as much detail as possible about the methods of strengthening them.

What determines the quality of TV broadcasting?

There are several factors that influence the quality of the transmitted image:

• The television receiver is on long distance from a signal repeater.
• The presence of external obstacles, both natural and artificial. These can be the walls of high-rise buildings, hills, lowlands and large number trees.
• Poor quality connecting cable.
• The antenna is installed in the wrong location or is poorly oriented in space.
• The presence of significant metal structures in the signal path or in the immediate vicinity of a television tower.

In almost each of the listed cases, the leading role is given to the TV antenna. If this attribute is correctly selected and configured accordingly, then there is a real chance of improving the quality of received signals and stabilizing the broadcast.

The industry produces both indoor and outdoor antennas. Where they are installed is clear from their name. Let's look at each type in more detail.

Antennas for indoor use

Portable antennas are quite affordable prices can perform their functions perfectly if the place of their use is close enough to the repeater. This means a distance not exceeding thirty kilometers. And the highest effect can be achieved when the TV tower, as they say, is visible from the window. In this case, the signals will not deteriorate due to multiple reflections from the walls of buildings.

For indoor antennas, it is customary to divide them into two categories, depending on the design features:

1. Frame. This type of antenna has an open metal frame. Their operating range is UHF (decimeter). It includes frequencies from 300 MHz to 3 GHz, but, as a rule, frequencies above 900 MHz are not used for television broadcasting.
2. Rod. “Horned” as they were popularly called. With their help, television signals are reliably received in the meter range (VHF), that is, at frequencies from 30 MHz to 300 MHz.

For effective use indoor antenna it is necessary to find a place where it will work most effectively. This means that it must encounter as many obstacles as possible on the way from the broadcaster to the receiver of television signals.

If all conditions are met, but a high-quality picture cannot be achieved, then you can try using an antenna that has active amplifier. In addition, there are also autonomous signal amplifiers, which we will discuss below.

If the user lives in close proximity to the translator, then he may have to purchase a device diametrically opposed to the amplifier, which is called an attenuator. But it serves to attenuate the signal, which helps prevent picture and sound distortion that appears as a result of a too strong TV signal.

Outdoor antennas

• Half-wave vibrators.
• Wave channels.
• Log-periodic antennas.
• Common-mode antenna arrays.

In order to cover the meter and decimeter ranges, it is recommended to use a combined solution, in which one design contains elements of several of the above types of antennas.

The quality of the received TV signal is directly dependent on the height at which the antenna is installed. A significant impact may be caused by nearby high-voltage power lines.

Depending on the type of signal amplification, there are several other types of outdoor antennas. Passive outdoor antennas belong to the class of the simplest passive devices, since their design does not contain components capable of amplifying a TV signal.

In active antennas, the signal is amplified due to the presence of a special microcircuit in them. Amplifiers can be either built into the antenna design or independent of it.

Types of antenna amplifiers

When selecting a television signal amplifier, it is necessary to take into account its technical parameters:

• Frequency range. The majority of antennas sold on the domestic market are designed to work with local frequencies. However, there are exceptions.
• Gain factor. For the meter range this figure is 10 dB, and for the decimeter range - from 30 to 40 dB.
• Noise figure. The recommended size is no more than three decibels.

The secondary parameters in the selection process are supply current (from 30 to 60 mA) and voltage (from 5 to 12 V). There are also differences in the place where the amplifier is located (directly on the receiver or near it).

However, even the use of components high quality and reliably operating equipment does not always guarantee satisfactory quality of received television programs. This indicator may be negatively affected by low-quality coaxial cable, used for connection, and poor-quality elements for its connection. It is recommended to purchase a cable that has a thick central core and a standard characteristic impedance at 75 Ohm level.

In addition, sources of interference in the picture may be household appliances And external sources. The latter are most often radio stations and cellular transmitters. There is only one protection against them - antennas with a narrow radiation pattern.

The reception of digital or analogue television signals by antennas is not significantly different. It’s just that for digital it is necessary to support the UHF range, provided that there is a DVB-T/T2 receiver in the TV itself. If it is not there, you will have to purchase an external TV tuner.

In conclusion, let's say a few words about satellite dishes. The diameter of their bowls can range from fifty centimeters to five meters. The sensitivity of the antenna is directly dependent on the size. Correctly install and configure satellite dish It’s not at all easy, and therefore to carry out this work it is necessary to attract highly specialized specialists.

Noise on your favorite radio station, poor reception of TV channels at the dacha, or a friend’s voice disappearing in the phone speaker - all this is the result of a weak signal from the transmitter. An antenna amplifier is the solution to each of these problems.

Need to use tv amplifier usually occurs when the length from the source to the receiver is too long. Its use may also be caused by a large number antenna connectors in the apartment, because each separation antenna signal leads to its weakening. The purpose of installing an amplifier is simple - to improve the quality of the transmitted television signal. And if we are talking about digital signal? You probably already know that in order to receive digital TV in the most remote regions, as a rule, you need to use a good highly directional antenna. And in order to preserve the quality of the signal before it gets into digital receiver, it needs to be leveled and strengthened. A modern digital antenna amplifier will do this function perfectly. Such an amplifier, in addition to its high gain, is characterized by high resistance to external disturbances. A modern amplifier for DVB-T2 can serve both to amplify reception from a conventional antenna, and to branch it into several outputs, or to sum signals from several antennas.

When should you use this device and what should you consider when purchasing it? You will learn this from this guide.

What factors influence the deterioration of a TV signal?

Symptoms poor reception analog TV is not difficult to notice - the picture is distorted and disappears. As for the attenuation of digital television, it is also easy to detect, but the only difference is that we are not dealing with ripples (snow) on the screen, but with breaks in the video stream. With a weak TV broadcast, the image may freeze, crumble into pixels, or change color (usually green).

Reasons for signal deterioration

Each reason for the deterioration of the air must be analyzed individually, since its reception depends on local conditions: on the direction in which the signal passes, what obstacles are in its path, on the presence of hills and tall buildings in your area.

Before you finally decide to use an amplifier for your TV, let's get to know the most probable reasons deterioration of the TV signal.

• Transmitter Maintenance

In almost all cases of problems with TV display, the cause is on the user's side - cases on the sender's side are usually a break in servicing the transmitter, which sometimes takes several hours.

• Equipment malfunction

External antennas are exposed to external natural influences day after day. Frost, heat, snowstorms and rain - the antenna can withstand all this for years. If it is installed correctly. And if not, then one day moisture will penetrate into the wires, splitters, amplifiers, and the problem will arise at the least expected moment.

• Wrong antenna

The most common reason bad reception is too low level signal that comes from the antenna. The only correct solution would be to use its best model - preferably directional, not necessarily with an amplifier. But the situation can be partially improved by installing the antenna higher.

• Signal strength too high

Excessive intake levels can also be a common cause of problems. Living near a TV tower and using an antenna with high coefficient gain, we can overload the signal at the tuner input.

• Cables

Has a significant impact on the quality of reception. An old one with frayed insulation, bought at a flea market, or worse - from pieces that you scraped together from barns and barns, can cause such strong attenuation that it will absorb the signal from even a very good antenna before it even reaches the TV.

• Separators and connectors

The properties and number of splitters used also affect the picture quality. Each such passive element (i.e. one that is not an amplifier) ​​reduces the reception level. Careless installation of connectors, especially outside the home, can lead to rapid oxidation of the connections and, as a result, to significant attenuation of the TV signal.

• Noises

We are surrounded by a lot of transmitting devices - relay stations, mobile phones, modems, routers, radio stations, alarms, etc. Radio waves from different frequency ranges may interfere with TV reception. Even devices without antennas cause interference: microwave ovens, fluorescent lamps, electric cars.

Between the devil and the deep sea

Problems with television reception also affect people living on the border of signals received from two transmitters. In this case, it is necessary to find out which transmitter is stronger and in which direction the antenna should be pointed. In such places, a directional antenna will work best.

TV signal amplifiers

You can check whether an antenna amplifier will help you “squeeze” a more powerful signal out of the antenna. in a simple way. You can connect any TV as close to the antenna as possible and if the signal does not improve, it may mean that there is something wrong with the antenna. However, if the picture on the screen improves, then you should think about buying an amplifier. Just which one?

Another feature is the way the amplifying circuit is powered. If your amplifier for a DVB-T2 digital television antenna requires a 5 Volt power supply, then it is better to supply it via cable from the tuner itself. It’s worse when the amplifier “asks” for 12 Volts. There are two possible options here, both with looming problems:

1. its power supply with a low-frequency transformer for a 50 Hz power supply. The block is not as light as impulse blocks for recharging mobile phone, this unit does not produce high-frequency interference, but produces low-frequency ripples, which over time can degrade the performance of the antenna amplifier;
2. The power supply with pulse conversion is very light, practically does not heat up, does not produce low-frequency ripples, but is guaranteed to produce high-frequency interference, which is not at all useful to the amplifier.

Selecting an amplifier for your TV

Not every antenna amplifier works perfectly, some of them have considerable noise of their own, others are even worse and are easily excited. So if you get a bad result with one antenna amplifier, you can try choosing a TV amplifier of a different model or with a different power supply. For example, experiment to see if the antenna will work better if the voltage is supplied not from the “native” power supply, but from a digital tuner.

An antenna amplifier will not help or even harm if:

• the reception level goes off scale beyond the amplifier's maximum parameters;
• the antenna, in addition to the main signal, catches strong interference, which the amplifier will increase;
• The signal level is extremely weak.

Analog signal amplification

The golden rule of good television reception: in order to get a good one, it is advisable not to worsen it. To prevent this from happening, install it correctly, monitor the serviceability of the antenna and promptly diagnose any depressurization in your apartment television network.

If the distance to the transmitting transmitter is large and the reception is very weak, then you will additionally need to install a signal amplifier.

If you receive analog broadcast on passive antenna, and distribute the signal to several receivers, then first it needs to be amplified, and only then divided into directions. An active antenna splitter can do this.

Cable TV amplification

Cable networks haven't changed much since their inception. The local provider company receives quite a lot of television channels from the satellite, forms a television package from them, and distributes them to our homes, charging a fee for this from each subscriber. To reach our house, the signal passes through an intermediate main TV signal amplifier several times, enters the TV signal amplifier of an apartment building, is amplified again in it, and is distributed throughout the apartments. And yet, while this signal was coming from the premises of the provider company into our house, it weakened a little.

Methods for ensuring reliable TV signal reception

There is no ready-made recipe. Each case is specific and requires individual approach. What to do in this situation? In many cases, the signal does not require maximum amplification, just as it is not necessary to amplify the entire “bouquet” of signals.

To make sure which case we are really dealing with, it is necessary to accurately measure the signal level from the receiver antenna. This is necessary in order to understand whether we are receiving a direct or reflected signal (or even several), and determine further steps.

One way to get reliable reception is to correct the direction of the antenna or its location in height, and often both. Sometimes it is enough to move the antenna mast a meter or two to get much better quality broadcast.

It is also worth having a level meter on hand when you need to make sure whether the broadcast quality is sufficient and only requires additional amplification, or perhaps you are receiving a strong but excessive signal? In case of a strong signal, you can choose the right antenna. It may also be enough to deliberately change the direction of reception or the location of the antenna to weaken the signal while at the same time eliminating its reflected rays.

When receiving digital TV, you should remember that when strong radio frequency oscillations are superimposed on each other, you need to opt for a passive directional antenna without the use of any amplifying elements. The amplifier to the TV antenna in this case will contribute to intermodulation, which will lead to failures and instability of the digital decoder.

Methods for amplifying TV antenna power

In fact, ways to increase the power of a TV antenna can be correlated with medical approaches: use “therapy” or immediately go the “surgical” route. As for drastic measures, the very first step here is to change the antenna itself to a stronger and more expensive one. This also includes purchasing an active antenna instead of a passive one.

But you can act more gently, especially if your antenna has served you honorably for more than one year:

• experiment with the direction of reception;
• raise the antenna higher;
• if possible, clear the path for the signal;
• eliminate all “non-contacts”, replace the cable;
• equip the antenna with a signal amplifier. Many external antennas have the technological ability to install an amplification board if it turns out that it is needed.

Using an antenna amplifier

TV antenna signal amplifiers are the very first, after the antenna, to perform the initial correction of its level.

The type of device that's right for you depends on the reception conditions in your area and the specific needs of your entire TV installation. If you need to amplify the entire RF band, you can use a fixed gain broadband amplifier. If, on the contrary, in your region there is correct technique frequencies from the upper UHF band are significantly influenced by high-frequency transmitters and interference occurs, for example, caused by passing cars or a neighbor's lawn mower, then you will need a different amplifier model - with a fixed gain, but with a limited range of operating frequencies.
Modern amplifiers from various manufacturers They have a fairly ergonomic shape, which, in fact, allows them to be mounted anywhere. This means that you can use the amplifier in an existing antenna installation without having to disassemble the antenna. However, it should be remembered that due to the violation of the signal-to-noise ratio with increasing distance from the antenna, it is recommended to install it as close to the antenna as possible.

Criteria for correct selection

The procedure for selecting an amplification device is not particularly complicated. This equipment is designed to improve quality on-air reception, therefore, its choice will be determined, first of all, by the quality of the incoming signal, which will guide you to connect a device with a suitable gain.

But do not forget that if the signal in your area is weak, it is important to take into account the antenna’s own gain, as well as the height of its placement. An amplifier will be useful when the distance from the antenna to the decoder is significant, and it is necessary to amplify the signal in order to reduce its losses in the cable.

When choosing a signal amplifier for an antenna, it is also important to be guided not only by its amplification capabilities. The parameters of the device’s own noise are equally involved here. Both the signal level and its quality at the very beginning of your residential TV network will have a decisive influence on correct functioning the entire installation, ensuring clear and flawless broadcasting on your TV.

A good amplifier for a TV antenna can be powered by the voltage generated by the tuner itself - this gives a good chance for the final video quality. Therefore, it is better to purchase devices in which the microcircuit is powered by 5 Volts.